3.5 Chemical Examination of Urine (Ketones) Flashcards
By-products of abnormal fat catabolism
ketone bodies
Ketone bodies:
2%
a. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
b. Acetoacetic acid
c. Acetone
c
Ketone bodies:
20%
a. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
b. Acetoacetic acid
c. Acetone
b
Ketone bodies:
Most abundant but not routinely detected in urine
a. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
b. Acetoacetic acid
c. Acetone
a
Ketone bodies:
78%
a. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
b. Acetoacetic acid
c. Acetone
a
Causes of Ketonuria:
May due to abnormal fat catabolism
T or F
T
Causes of ketonuria:
Insulin dependent DM
T or F
T
Causes of ketonuria:
Non-diabetic causes: starvation, fasting, weight reduction, strenuous exercise, malabsorption, pancreatic disorders, inborn errors of amino acid metabolism (e.g., MSUD, organic acidemias)
T or F
T
Test for Ketones:
Counterpart of Clinitest for glucose which detects acetoacetic acid and acetone
Acetest
Reagents for Acetest:
Sodium N_________
G______
L______
Nitroprusside
Glycine
Lactose
Main reagent that detects acetoacetic acid
a. Sodium Nitroprusside
b. Glycine
c. Lactose
a
Detects acetone
a. Sodium Nitroprusside
b. Glycine
c. Lactose
b
Positive indicator
a. Sodium Nitroprusside
b. Glycine
c. Lactose
c
What is the positive indicator from lactose?
Purple
Beta hydroxybutyric acid
a. Gerhardt’s Linderman’s
b. Legal’s Rothera’s
c. Osterberg Hart’s
c
