34.1 Neutrophil and Platelet Disorders Flashcards
how long does it take for neutrophils to mature?
5-7 days
how long do neutrophils survive in circulation?
12 hours
who has lower neutrophil counts ethnicity wise?
african/middle eastern
what level do you see problems from neutropenia?
<0.5
don’t investigate 1.0-1.5
caused for neutropenia?
- decreased production
- increased destruction
- sequestration
- dilution
transient neutropenia is?
usually with a viral infection, febrile, neutropenic, no other cause, likely benign
5 causes of chronic neutropenia?
- neonatal alloimmune (self resolves)
- autoimmune neutropenia: most common
- benign granulocytopenia
- hypersplenism
- congenital neutropenia
what is postman’s syndrome?
consistent neutropenia <0.2
treatment of choice for neutropenia?
steroids/GCSF
immediate cause of acute neutrophils?
mobilize marginated cells: eg. blood tests
causes of neutrophilia? 7 causes
infection inflammation (eg. arthritis) Blood loss Diabetic Keto burns steroids constipation
when eosinophilia high?
> 3.0
what kind of allergies trigger eosinophils?
skin
URTI
Parasites
what kind of bleeding in platelet problems?
mucocutaneous usually
-petechiae, bruising, purpura
most common reason for low platelets?
clotted sample
approach to low platelets?
- review hx.clinical findings
- repeat bloods?
- blood film
low platelets basic mechanisms?
- poor production
- increased destruction
- abnormal distribution/sequestration
most common childhood cause of thrombocytopenia?
immune thrombocytopenia purpura
what is immune thrombocytopenia purpura?
- autoimmune
- short hx, abrupt onset
- film reviewed by haematologist
- dx of exclusion
- usu. no dysmorphism
immune thrombocytopenia purpura blood film looks like?
large platelets on film
NORMAL MCV
mx of immune thrombocytopenia purpura?
- controversial
- options
- conservative
- steroids
- IVIG
- new therapies - rituximab
immune thrombocytopenia purpura why do ppl treat instead of monitor?
worried about ICH, though rare
immune thrombocytopenia purpura recommended management?
avoid strenuous activity
- unecessary traumatizing
- no NSAIDS
- if symptoms of ICH, call 000
- avoid HERBAL medications
approach to life threatening bleeding?
-methylpred 10mg/kg
-platelet transfusion
-rFVIIa
IVIG 1g/kg/dayx2
urgent splenectomy
