31.1 Autism Spectrum Disorder Flashcards
what is Autism?
lifelong neurodevelopmental disability, how someone interacts with ppl and environment
what 3 primary areas are affected in autism?
communication-non verbal
social interaction
repetitive behaviours
diagnosis of autism severity level?
3 levels
needs support
needs lots of support
needs very substantial support
diagnosis of autism accompanying dx?
intellectual impairment
language impairment
known medical/genetic condition
current prevalence of autism?
1/60
boys or girls more autism?
boys
what genetic conditions more likely to have autism?
fragile x
tuberous sclerosis complex
Angelman’s
Rett’s (mostly females, hand wringing)
ASD and electrophysiology
ASD more likely to have epilepsy
cognitive functions in ASD theories?
-executive dysfunction
-central coherence - details
-cortical underconnectivity theory
-theory of mind: understanding others’ perspectives
-
role of GP in diagnosis?
- developmental surveillance
- identify concerns
- full history/physical exam
- referrals
- multidisciplinary mx
median age of dx for ASD?
4-5 years old
most common parental concern for ASD?
delayed speech, behaviour problems/tantrums
social joint attention is?
- prerequisite for language
- shared enjoyment in object with another person by looking back andforth between them.
red flags for communication in ASD?
- not responding to name
- language delay, no words by 16 months
- lost words
- appears deaf
- no pointing by 12 month
- no babbling by 9 months
redflags for social interaction in ASD?
- no social smile
- restricted eye contact
- lack interest in other children
- solitary play
red flags restricted repetitive and sensry behaviours?
-routine
-rigid
-tantrums with transitions
-obsessions/preoccupations
-sterotyped motor movement, use of objects
-
absolute red flags for ASD?
- no babling/poitning by 12 months
- not sharing of interests with abother person
- no single words by 16 months
- no 2 word spontaneous phrases by 24 months
- any loss of language or social skills
sensory integration therapy for ASD?
- not evidence to support it for treatment
- maybe as reward
key elements in intervetion for ASD?
- earlier the better
- multidisciplnary
- family collaboration
- ability to generalise skills
medications in ASD?
always in conjunction with intervention, not in isolation
DSM-5 dx for ASD need how many of the 3?
needs two
ASD comorbidities?
ADHD, epilepsy, sleep, diet,mental health
how many hours per week of therapy for children with ASD?
20 hours
