31.1 Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 1

what is Autism?

Answer 1

lifelong neurodevelopmental disability, how someone interacts with ppl and environment

Question 2

what 3 primary areas are affected in autism?

Answer 2

communication-non verbal
social interaction
repetitive behaviours

Question 3

diagnosis of autism severity level?

Answer 3

3 levels
needs support
needs lots of support
needs very substantial support

Question 4

diagnosis of autism accompanying dx?

Answer 4

intellectual impairment
language impairment
known medical/genetic condition

Question 5

current prevalence of autism?

Answer 5

1/60

Question 6

boys or girls more autism?

Answer 6

boys

Question 7

what genetic conditions more likely to have autism?

Answer 7

fragile x
tuberous sclerosis complex
Angelman’s
Rett’s (mostly females, hand wringing)

Question 8

ASD and electrophysiology

Answer 8

ASD more likely to have epilepsy

Question 9

cognitive functions in ASD theories?

Answer 9

-executive dysfunction
-central coherence - details
-cortical underconnectivity theory
-theory of mind: understanding others’ perspectives
-

Question 10

role of GP in diagnosis?

Answer 10

• developmental surveillance
• identify concerns
• full history/physical exam
• referrals
• multidisciplinary mx

Question 11

median age of dx for ASD?

Answer 11

4-5 years old

Question 12

most common parental concern for ASD?

Answer 12

delayed speech, behaviour problems/tantrums

Question 13

social joint attention is?

Answer 13

• prerequisite for language

- shared enjoyment in object with another person by looking back andforth between them.

Question 14

red flags for communication in ASD?

Answer 14

• not responding to name
• language delay, no words by 16 months
• lost words
• appears deaf
• no pointing by 12 month
• no babbling by 9 months

Question 15

redflags for social interaction in ASD?

Answer 15

• no social smile
• restricted eye contact
• lack interest in other children
• solitary play

Question 16

red flags restricted repetitive and sensry behaviours?

Answer 16

-routine
-rigid
-tantrums with transitions
-obsessions/preoccupations
-sterotyped motor movement, use of objects
-

Question 17

absolute red flags for ASD?

Answer 17

• no babling/poitning by 12 months
• not sharing of interests with abother person
• no single words by 16 months
• no 2 word spontaneous phrases by 24 months
• any loss of language or social skills

Question 18

sensory integration therapy for ASD?

Answer 18

• not evidence to support it for treatment

- maybe as reward

Question 19

key elements in intervetion for ASD?

Answer 19

• earlier the better
• multidisciplnary
• family collaboration
• ability to generalise skills

Question 20

medications in ASD?

Answer 20

always in conjunction with intervention, not in isolation

Question 21

DSM-5 dx for ASD need how many of the 3?

Answer 21

needs two

Question 22

ASD comorbidities?

Answer 22

ADHD, epilepsy, sleep, diet,mental health

Question 23

how many hours per week of therapy for children with ASD?

Answer 23

20 hours