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Chemistry > 3.3.5- Alcohols > Flashcards

3.3.5- Alcohols Flashcards

1
Q

What reagent is needed for hydration

A

Alkene

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2
Q

What condition are needed for hydration

A

Catalyst -phosphoric acid/ sulphuric acid
High temperature
High pressure

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3
Q

Equation of Ethene in a hydration reaction

A

C2H4 +H2O – C2H5OH

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4
Q

Advantages of hydration

A

Fast reaction
Pure product
Continuous process

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5
Q

Disadvantages of hydration

A

Non renewable resources

Expensive equipment

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6
Q

Uses of alcohols

A

Alcoholic drink
Solvents
Fuel (petrol substitute)

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7
Q

What reagent is needed in fermentation

A

Glucose from hydrolysis of starch

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8
Q

Conditions for fermentation

A

Yeast

Warm but no higher than 37

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9
Q

Equation for fermentation of glucose

A

C6H12O6 — 2C2H5OH +2CO2

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10
Q

Advantages of fermentation

A

Low energy process
Renewable resource
Simple equipment

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11
Q

Disadvantages of fermentation

A

Slow
Produced impure ethanol
Batch process

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12
Q

What is used after fermentation

A

Fractional distillation separate so can be used as biofuel

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13
Q

Define biofuel

A

A fuel derived immediately from living matter

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14
Q

What are primary alcohols oxidised to

A

Aldehyde then to carboxylic acids

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15
Q

What are 2 methods of oxidising alcohols

A

Distillation

Refluxing

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16
Q

What does distillation produce and equation

A

Gives an aldehyde

CH3CH2OH + [O] -> CH3CHO +H2O

17
Q

What does refluxing produce and an equation

A

Gives a carboxylic acid
CH3CH2OH+ [O] – CH3CHO + H2O

CH3CHO+ [O] – CH3COOH

18
Q

What do secondary alcohols oxidise to

19
Q

Equation for oxidation of prop-2-ol

A

CH3CHOHCH3 + [O] – CH3COCH3 +H2O

20
Q

What do tertiary alcohols oxidise to

A

They do not easily oxidise

21
Q

What reagents are used in oxidation

A 
Acidified potassium dichromate (VI) 
Potassium maganate (VII)
22
Q

Test for an alcohol

A

K2Cr2O7

Goes orange to green with primary and secondary alcohols

23
Q

3 tests for aldehydes

A

Tollens
Fehlings
Acidified K2Cr2O7

24
Q

Explain tollens reagent test

A

Colourless to silver mirror with aldehyde

25
Q

Explain fehlings solution test

A

Add fehlings a and b and then a blue to red with an aldehyde

26
Q

Explain acidified potassium dichromate test

A

Orange to green with aldehyde

27
Q

2 tests for carboxylic acids

A

NaHCO3/Na2CO3

Litmus paper

28
Q

Explain NaHCO3/Na2CO3

A

Produce effervescence with carboxylic acid

29
Q

Explain litmus paper test

A

Test solution should turn red from blue

30
Q

2 ways elimination can occur

A

Conc H2SO4
Reflux 180
Or
Pass vapour over heated aluminium oxide catalyst

31
Q

Show equation for elimination

A

C2H5OH –CH2=CH2 + H2O

32
Q

Draw equation of reflux elimination

33
Q

Draw equation of heated catalyst elimination

Chemistry (29 decks)

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