3.3.4 - Alkenes

Question 1

What are the two parts that make up double bond

Answer 1

Bond 1 = Covalent bond there are 2 electrons between C atoms

Bond 2= Pi bond formed from the overlap of P orbitals

Question 2

What is stereoisomerism

Answer 2

Molecules with the same molecular and structural formula but with different arrangement of atoms

Question 3

What are geometric isomers

Answer 3

Caused by molecules with a C=C with two different groups attached to each C

Question 4

What are E-Z isomers

Answer 4

Geometric isomers were nothing can rotate around C=C

Question 5

What are the CIP priority rules

Answer 5

E - if priority are on opposite sides

Z- if priority are on same side

Question 6

What are structural isomers

Answer 6

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 7

Three types of structural isomers

Answer 7

Chain isomers

Position isomers

Functional group isomers

Question 8

What are chain isomers

Answer 8

Caused by having a different carbon chain

Question 9

What are position isomers

Answer 9

Caused by functional groups being in a different position

Question 10

What are functional group isomers

Answer 10

Caused having different functional groups

Question 11

What are alkenes

Answer 11

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Question 12

What reactions can occur with alkenes

Answer 12

Electrophilic addition

Addition polymerisation

Question 13

Why are they attacked by electrophiles

Answer 13

Have a high electron density because of double carbon bond

Question 14

Electrophiles that work on alkenes

Answer 14

Br2
HBr
H2O
H2SO4

Question 15

Draw the reaction between Br2 and a symmetrical alkene

Answer 15

Draw

Question 16

Why can be Br2 be an electrophile

Answer 16

Because the double bond can induce a temporary dipole

Question 17

Draw an electrophilic addition between HBr and symmetrical alkenes

Answer 17

Draw

Question 18

Draw an electrophilic addition between unsymmetrical alkene

Answer 18

Draw

Question 19

What happens when unsymmetrical alkene undergo electrophilic addition

Answer 19

They produce a major and a minor product

Question 20

Draw what happens in electrophilic addition with H2SO4 with symmetrical alkenes

Answer 20

Draw

Question 21

What happens after electrophilic addition with H2SO4 has occurred

Answer 21

Hydrolysis which make it into a alcohol with H2SO4 t

Question 22

Draw What happens in electrophilic addition with a unsymmetrical alkene using H2SO4

Answer 22

Draw

Question 23

What is need to be with water for electrophilic addition to occur

Answer 23

H2O with the presence of a strong acid

Question 24

Draw what happen in electrophilic addition with H2O

Answer 24

Draw

Question 25

Explain what happen with alkenes for the order of formation

Answer 25

Carbon cations form in order of preference. The 3 carboncation is more stable than 2 carbon cation and is formed in preference

Question 26

What happens in the bromine test

Answer 26

Bromine water Turn orange to colourless in presence of alkene

Question 27

What is a polymer

Answer 27

Long chain molecules made from lots of small molecules joined together

Question 28

What is a monomer

Answer 28

Small molecules that join together to make polymers

Question 29

What is addition polymerisation

Answer 29

Formation of long chain molecules from lots of small molecules jointing together with no other product

Question 30

Draw PVC

Answer 30

Draw

Question 31

What is PVC proper name

Answer 31

Poly (chloroethene)

Question 32

What are the uses of polychloroethene

Answer 32

Window frames
Pipes
Clothing
Insulation in wires