3.3.11-Amines Flashcards
What happens when you add NH3 and halogen alkenes conditions
Concentrated ammonia dissolved in ethanol
Pressure in sealed container
Show reaction for halogen alkene and NH3
Draw
What type of reaction is is when halogenalkane reacts with NH3
Nucleophilic substitution
What happens if the reaction of halogenalkane and ammonia is left to react
React further to produce secondary , tertiary and quaternary salts
How can in a halogen alkene and ammonia reaction get more primary amine
Add more ammonia
How can in a halogen alkene and ammonia reaction get more quaternary ammonium salt
Add more halogenalkane
How can products of halogenalkane and ammonia reaction be separated
Fractional distillation
Reduction of nitrile compounds
Explain two step process
1) formation of nitrile from haloalkanes
Draw
2) reduction of nitrile to form amine
Draw
Preparation of aromatic amines
Reaction and conditions
Draw
Use concentrated Sn and HCl
Followed by NaOH
How is the ability of ammonia or amine affected to act as base
Depends on how well the N atom can accept H+
A higher electron density on the lone pair of N will better accept electrons
Order of how well attracts electrons
Tertiary amine | Secondary amine. V Primary amine NH3 Aromatic amine
3y,2y,1y compared to ammonia
More alkyl groups on N atom more electron density is on N atom more alkyl groups higher electron density better base
Aromatic amines compared to ammonia
Lone pair on n is partially delocalised into benzene ring leading to a reduction in electron density on N atom so weak base strength
What are amines and what reaction do they go through
Nuclophiles
Nucleophilic substitution
What is a quaternary ammonium salt used for
Cationic surfactant
