3.3.13-Amino Acids, Protein, DNA Flashcards
Show basic structure of amino acid
Draw
Show a low pH amino acid ion
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Show high pH amino acid ion
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Show zwitter ion
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What does an amino acid and NaOH make
Draw
What does amino acid and HCl make
Draw
What does amino acid and ethanol make and conditions
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What does amino acid and ethanoyl chloride make
Draw
What is the primary structure of proteins
Polypeptide chain
Specific order of amino acids
Joined by peptide bonds
What is secondary structure of proteins
How polypeptide chains interact
Hydrogen binding
Alpha helix’s , beta pleated sheets
What is tertiary structure of proteins
Chains fold into particular shape due to attractions on side chains = hydrogen bonding = disulphide bridges
What is Quartenary structure of proteins
More than 1 polypeptide chain
Identifying amino acids
Thin layer chromatography
Use ninhydrin and Uv light
Identified by Rf values
How do you work out Rf values
Distance travelled
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Distance solvent went
What are types of proteins
Globular
Fibrous
What is importance of active site
Tertiary structure forms specific active site to substrate they can catalyse
Explain competitive inhibitors
Competed for active site with substrate
Overcome by adding more substrate
Explain non-competitive
Attaches somewhere else on enzyme
Changes tertiary structure so substrate no longer fits active site
What is drug stereo specificity
Medicine molecules must be in correct enantiomeric form to work
What is computer aided drug design
Predicts results of drugs
Interactions
Structure of nucleotide
Draw
What are features of DNA
Antiparallel strand
Complimentary base pairs -(A+T, C+G )
What are the purines
Huh
What are pyrimidines
Hi
What is DNA replication
DNA must be copied for cell division
DNA helicase unzips
DNA polymerase joins
= semi-conservative replication
Show structure of cisplatin
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What is purpose of Cisplatin and side effects
Kills cancer cells by binding to DNA and interfering with its repair causing cell death
Side effects - renal toxicity, neurotoxicity, bone marrow supression
What is transplantin
Draw and it is not useful
