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Chemistry > 3.3.13-Amino Acids, Protein, DNA > Flashcards

3.3.13-Amino Acids, Protein, DNA Flashcards

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1
Q

Show basic structure of amino acid

A

Draw

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2
Q

Show a low pH amino acid ion

A

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3
Q

Show high pH amino acid ion

A

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4
Q

Show zwitter ion

A

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5
Q

What does an amino acid and NaOH make

A

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6
Q

What does amino acid and HCl make

A

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7
Q

What does amino acid and ethanol make and conditions

A

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8
Q

What does amino acid and ethanoyl chloride make

A

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9
Q

What is the primary structure of proteins

A

Polypeptide chain
Specific order of amino acids
Joined by peptide bonds

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10
Q

What is secondary structure of proteins

A

How polypeptide chains interact
Hydrogen binding
Alpha helix’s , beta pleated sheets

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11
Q

What is tertiary structure of proteins

A

Chains fold into particular shape due to attractions on side chains = hydrogen bonding = disulphide bridges

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12
Q

What is Quartenary structure of proteins

A

More than 1 polypeptide chain

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13
Q

Identifying amino acids

A

Thin layer chromatography
Use ninhydrin and Uv light
Identified by Rf values

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14
Q

How do you work out Rf values

A

Distance travelled
————————-
Distance solvent went

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15
Q

What are types of proteins

A

Globular

Fibrous

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16
Q

What is importance of active site

A

Tertiary structure forms specific active site to substrate they can catalyse

17
Q

Explain competitive inhibitors

A

Competed for active site with substrate

Overcome by adding more substrate

18
Q

Explain non-competitive

A

Attaches somewhere else on enzyme

Changes tertiary structure so substrate no longer fits active site

19
Q

What is drug stereo specificity

A

Medicine molecules must be in correct enantiomeric form to work

20
Q

What is computer aided drug design

A

Predicts results of drugs

Interactions

21
Q

Structure of nucleotide

A

Draw

22
Q

What are features of DNA

A

Antiparallel strand

Complimentary base pairs -(A+T, C+G )

23
Q

What are the purines

A

Huh

24
Q

What are pyrimidines

A

Hi

25
Q

What is DNA replication

A

DNA must be copied for cell division
DNA helicase unzips
DNA polymerase joins

= semi-conservative replication

26
Q

Show structure of cisplatin

A

Draw

27
Q

What is purpose of Cisplatin and side effects

A

Kills cancer cells by binding to DNA and interfering with its repair causing cell death

Side effects - renal toxicity, neurotoxicity, bone marrow supression

28
Q

What is transplantin

A

Draw and it is not useful

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