3.3.1 - Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Empirical formula

Answer 1

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 2

Molecular formula

Answer 2

The true number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 3

General formula

Answer 3

All members of a homologous organic series follow the general formula

Question 4

Structural formula

Answer 4

Shows the structural arrangement of atoms within a molecule

Question 5

Displayed formula

Answer 5

Shows every atom and every bond in an organic compound

Question 6

Skeletal formula

Answer 6

Shows only the bonds in a compound and any non-carbon atoms

Question 7

Homologous series

Answer 7

Organic compounds are often part of a homologous series, where all members follow a general formula and react similarly. There is an increase in boiling point as chain length increases

Question 8

Isomers

Answer 8

Molecules with the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms within the molecule

Question 9

Structural isomers

Answer 9

Have a different structural arrangement of atoms. They can be straight chains or branched chains but will have the same molecular formula

Question 10

Position isomers

Answer 10

Have the functional group of the molecule in a different position of the carbon atom

Question 11

Functional group isomers

Answer 11

Have a different arrangement of the same molecular formula so that the molecule has a different functional group

Question 12

Stereoisomers

Answer 12

Have a different spatial arrangement

Question 13

E-Z isomerism

Answer 13

A type of stereoisomerism where limited rotation around a double carbon bond means groups can be together or apart