3.2.2 - Group 2 - The Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 1

Atomic radius

Answer 1

increases down the group due to additional electron shells

Question 2

Reactivity

Answer 2

increases down the group due to increased electron shielding down the group

Question 3

ionisation energy

Answer 3

decreases down the group due to a greater atomic radius and increased shielding

Question 4

melting point

Answer 4

decreases due to weaker attractive forces down the group

Question 5

Reaction with water

Answer 5

Reacts in a redox equation producing a metal hydroxide and hydrogen. The metal hydroxide form as an alkaline solution.

Question 6

Equation for reaction with water

Answer 6

Mg + 2H2O –> Mg(OH)2 + H2

Question 7

Reaction with steam

Answer 7

Steam can be used to speed up the reaction as it provides extra energy

Question 8

Equation for reaction with steam

Answer 8

Mg + H2O –> MgO + H2

Question 9

Solubility of hydroxides

Answer 9

increases down the group

Question 10

Magnesium hydroxide uses

Answer 10

Antacid as it is alkaline, can also neutralise acidic soils

Question 11

Solubility of sulfates

Answer 11

decreases down the group

Question 12

Barium sulfate uses

Answer 12

Can be used in medicine as barium meals.

Question 13

Barium chloride and sulfate ions

Answer 13

can be used to test for sulfate ions, reacting to form barium sulfate forming a white precipitate when sulfate ions are present

Question 14

Magnesium and steam

Answer 14

Magnesium burns with a bright white flame producing hydrogen and magnesium oxide which is a white powder

Question 15

Equation for barium chloride and sulfate ions

Answer 15

Ba2+ + SO42- –> BaSO4

Question 16

Equation for metal extraction

Answer 16

TiCl4 + 2Mg –> 2MgCl2 + Ti

Question 17

Equation for flue gas removal

Answer 17

CaO + 2H2O + SO2 –> CaSO3 + 2H2O