3.3 Meristems, Specialisation and Transport Flashcards
What is the difference between apical and lateral meristems?
apical-increase the length of the plant(roots and shoots)
lateral- increase the width of the plant
What is the structure and function of an epidermal cell?
protective layers at top and bottom of leaves
one cell thick
What is the structure and function of a palisade mesophyll cell?
primary region of photosynthesis
tall thin cells with lots of chloroplasts
What is the structure and function of a spongy mesophyll cell?
place of gas exchange
can also carry out photosynthesis
loosely packed with lots of air pockets
What is the structure and function of a guard cell?
controls gases entering and exiting the cell
changes shape to open and close stomata
What is the structure and function of a root hair cell?
takes up water and minerals from soil
projection which increases the surface area
What is the structure and function of a xylem vessel?
to transport water and minerals around the plant and provide structural support long tubes dead cells no end wall reinforced by spirals of tough lignin
What is the structure and function of a phloem sieve cell?
to transport glucose around plant ends make sieve plate form long sieve tubes no nucleus have cytoplasm
What is the structure and function of a phloem companion cell?
control sieve cell
has nucleus
Describe the path of water through a plant…
taken up by root hair cells with minerals from soil
diffuses through cells to xylem vessel
travels up through plant in xylem vessel
lost by transpiration through stomata
Where do sugars go after being produced by photosynthesis?
go to phloem sieve tube and travel around plant to roots leaves flowers fruits
What are meristems?
The points at which plants grow
