Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH109 > 33 Brain & Behavior X > Flashcards

33 Brain & Behavior X Flashcards

1
Q

Label this neuron

A
  1. Dendrites
  2. Cell body/Soma
  3. Nucleus
  4. Myelin sheaths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of DENDRITES

A

RECEIVE information from OTHER neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of axon

A

TRANSMIT nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is at the END of an axon?

Function?

A

Axon Terminals

= Release information to the DENDRITES of other neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Difference between MYELINATED and NON-myelinated neurons?

(What TISSUE TYPE do they give rise to?

A

Myelinated = WHITE matter

Unmyelinated = GREY matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the TYPES of neurons

A
  1. MOTOR neurons
  2. SENSORY neurons
  3. INTERneurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the ROUTE of motorneurons

A

CNS

Spinal cord

Muscle fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ROUTE of sensory neurons

A

SENSE organ

Spinal cord

CNS (brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Function of INTERneurons

A

BETWEEN neurons, large COMPUTATIONAL burden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

90% of the cells in the brain are whay type?

A

90% are GLIAL cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

FUNCTION of glial cells

A
  1. Scaffold for GROWING neurons
  2. Scaffold and REPAIR of MATURE neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the RESTING potential in neurons?

A

-70mV

(NEG on the INSIDE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What allows exceeding of the excitation THRESHOLD?

What is the threshold?

A

A PULSE exceeds the threshold of -55mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens when the threshold -55mV is exceeded?

A

ACTION POTENTIAL occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is the RESTING potential maintained?

A

OUTward Na+ channels OPEN

INward Na+ channels CLOSED

= keep inside NEG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens when a PULSE exceeding the threshold is applied?

A

INward Na+ channels OPEN

= Na+ flows IN

= DEPOLARISATION

17
Q

How is homeostasis restored once the AP leaves?

A

K+ OUT of cell = restore -70mV

18
Q

The place where one neuron meets another is called

A

Synapse

(Axon terminals meet Dendrites)

19
Q

2 types of APs and their effect on the receiving neuron?

A

INHIBITORY = inhibit firing

EXCITATORY = induce firing

20
Q

What happens once the AP arrives at the axon terminal?

A

Release of neurotransmitters from vesicles into synaptic SPACE

= bind to POSTsynaptic receptors

= either inhibit/excite next neuron

21
Q

Explain the Lock-and-Key model of NT binding

A

Specificity

NTs only bind to specific receptors

22
Q

What happens to the NTs in the synaptic space AFTER an AP, to restore homeostasis?

A
  1. Enzyme degradation = inactivated
  2. Reused via synaptic reuptake
23
Q

What are the 3 proccesses that DRUGS can act on at the SYNAPSE to affect activity?

A
  1. Stimulate/Inhibit NT release
  2. Stimulate/Inhibit POSTsynaptic RECEPTORS
  3. Inhibit reuptake
24
Q

Name 2 substances that affect NT release

A
  1. Black widow VENOM = constitutive ACh release
  2. Botulinum toxin = inhibit ACh release
25
Q

Effects of black spider VENOM

A

ACh AGONIST

= constitutive ACh release

= EXHAUST ACh stores

= Paralysis/Death in small animals, abdominal pain in humans

26
Q

Botulinum toxin is present in…

A

Improperly CANNED food

27
Q

Effect of botulinum toxin?

A

ACh ANTAGONIST

= inhibit ACh release

= paralysis + suffocation

28
Q

Name drugs that stimulate/inhibit POSTsynaptic RECEPTORS

A

Nicotine stimulates ACh receptors

Curare inhibits ACh receptors

29
Q

Effect of nicotine in low vs high doses?

A

LOW = Pleasure, addiction, excitatory

HIGH = convulsions + DEATH

30
Q

Curare blocks ACh receptors in what tissue?

A

Curare blocks ACh receptors on MUSCLE fibres

31
Q

Effect of inhibiting ACh reuptake?

A

Prolonged + Increased effect of ACh

32
Q

Name drugs that inhibit reuptake

What NTs do they inhibit the reuptake of?

A

Amphetamines + Cocaine

= AGONISTS of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine

= affects autonomic arousal

= restlessness, insomnia, euphoria

33
Q

Name an antidepressant and its MoA

A

Prozac

= block reuptake of serotonin

= relieves depression

34
Q

Name a benzodiazepine and its MoA

A

Valium

=GABA agonist

= reduces anxiety, helps sleep

35
Q

MoA of heroin

A

AGONIST

= MIMICS endorphins at postsynaptic receptor

= feels good, euphoria, sedation

36
Q
A

PSYCH109 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions