3.2 Biomechanical Principles

Question 1

Centre of mass

Answer 1

Point at which a body is balanced in all directions: the point from which weight appears to act

Question 2

Frosby flop technique

Answer 2

J curve allows greater velocity at approach lifts inside leg along with arms to raise

COM as high as possible Extends spine so COM is below the bar so only one section of body is below the bar

Question 3

Stability

Answer 3

Ability of body to resist motion and remain at rest

Question 4

4 factors that affect stability

Answer 4

Mass of body

Height of COM

Base of support

Line of gravity

Question 5

How does mass of body affect stability

Answer 5

Higher mass=greater inertia= greater stability

Question 6

How does height of COM affect stability

Answer 6

Lower = greater stability

Question 7

How does base of support affect stability

Answer 7

greater size = greater stability moving two points of contact further apart ( FEET) or Increasing number of points of contact

Question 8

How does line of gravity affect stability

Answer 8

More central line of gravity to base of support greater stability

Question 9

how would a sprinter minimise stability when starting off

Answer 9

Lifts hips raising COM leans forward shifting line of gravity to edge of base of support

When gun is fired Chest lifts and lean forward so line of gravity falls out of base of support

Causing body to fall forwards

Question 10

Two functions of lever systems

Answer 10

Generate muscular effort to overcome a given load

Increase speed of a given movement

Question 11

4 parts of a lever system

Answer 11

lever (Bone)

Fulcrum (joint)

Effort (Muscular Force)

Load ( Weight/ Resistance)

Question 12

Diagram notation for : Lever Fulcrum Load Effort

Answer 12

Line

triangle

arrow

arrow

Question 13

Order of first class lever

Answer 13

E - F - L

Question 14

Example of first class lever

Answer 14

Extending neck to head football

Question 15

order of second class lever

Answer 15

F - L - E

Load = down

Effort = Up

Question 16

example of seconf class lever

Answer 16

Ball of the foot in take off jumping for a header

Question 17

order of third class lever

Answer 17

F - E - L

Effort + up

Load = Down

Question 18

example of a third class lever

Answer 18

Bicep Curl

F E L

Question 19

Distance from fulcrum to effort is known as

Answer 19

Effort arm

Question 20

Distance from fulcrum to load is known as

Answer 20

Load arm

Question 21

Mechanical Advntage

Answer 21

Second class lever where effort arm is greater than load arm so a large load can be moved with small effort

Question 22

Mechanical Disadvantage

Answer 22

Third class lever system where the load arm is greater than the effort arm so a large effort is required to move a large load