3.10 The Cell Cycle

Question 1

Series of changes a cell goes through from the time it is formed until it reproduces itself

Answer 1

Cell cycle

Question 2

The cell grows and carries on its usual activities

Answer 2

Interphase

Question 3

The cell divides into 2 cells

Answer 3

Cell division/mitotic phase

Question 4

Stage of interphase where the cell is metabolically active, synthesizing proteins rapidly and growing vigorously

Answer 4

G1 (gap 1 sub phase)

Question 5

Stage of interphase where DNA is replicated, new histones are made and assembled into chromatin

Answer 5

S (synthetic)

Question 6

Stage of interphase where enzymes and other proteins needed for division are synthesized and moved to their proper sites

Answer 6

G2 (gap 2 sub phase)

Question 7

During synthesis, when enzymes unwind DNA

Answer 7

Uncoiling

Question 8

During synthesis, DNA strands separate as the hydrogen bonds between bases break

Answer 8

Separation

Question 9

During synthesis, when old strands act as templates to form 2 new strands

Answer 9

Assembly

Question 10

During synthesis, when ligase enzymes splice short segments of DNA together, restoring the double helix structure

Answer 10

Restoration

Question 11

The division of the nucleus

Answer 11

Mitosis

Question 12

Chromosomes become visible

Answer 12

Early prophase

Question 13

Nuclear envelope dissolves

Answer 13

Late prophase

Question 14

Chromosomes align

Answer 14

Metaphase

Question 15

Chromosomes split

Answer 15

Anaphase

Question 16

New nuclei form

Answer 16

Telophase

Question 17

The division of the cytoplasm

Answer 17

Cytokinesis

Question 18

What are the 3 “go” signals of cell division?

Answer 18

1. Critical ratio of cell volume to cell surface area
2. Chemicals (ex. growth factors, hormones)
3. Availability of space- contact inhibition