2.9 Lipids

Question 1

organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

ex. fats, cholesterol

Answer 1

Lipid

Question 2

fats and oils composed of fatty acids and glycerol; the body’s most concentrated source of energy fuel

Answer 2

Triglycerides (neutral fats)

Question 3

linear chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms with an organic acid group at one end; a constituent fat

Answer 3

Fatty acid

Question 4

a modified simple sugar; a building block of fats

Answer 4

Glycerol

Question 5

fatty acid chains with single covalent bonds between carbon atoms; solid at room temp

Answer 5

Saturated

Question 6

fatty acid chains with one (monosaturated) or more (polysaturated) double bonds between carbon atoms; liquid at room temp

Answer 6

Unsaturated

Question 7

oils that have been solidified by adding H atoms to carbon double bonds

Answer 7

Trans fats

Question 8

modified lipid that contains phosphorus

Answer 8

Phospholipids

Question 9

What are phospholipids used for?

Answer 9

They are the main material used in building cellular membranes

Question 10

group of chemical substances including certain hormones and cholesterol

Answer 10

Steriods

Question 11

diverse lipids mainly derived from a 20-carbon fatty acid found in all cell membranes

Answer 11

Eicosanoids

Question 12

What are the functions of lipids?

Answer 12

• long term energy storage
• insulation
• protection