30 (1) SEP - 09 (1) OCT 2022 (studied 26 JAN)

Question 1

what is the most common type of cervical spine fracture in the GERIATRIC trauma population?

Answer 1

odontoid (C2)

Question 2

what is the most common type of cervical spine fracture in the YOUNG trauma population?

Answer 2

C4-C7

Question 3

the most common site of embolic lodgement is the:

Answer 3

common femoral bifurcation

Question 4

antibiotic choices for peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis?

Answer 4

• cephalosporin or vanc
• aminoglycoside

(cetriaxone / vanc and gentamycin)

Question 5

liver injury scale

Answer 5

I: lac < 1 cm
II: lac 1-3 cm
III: > 3 cm

Question 6

max dose of bupivicaine (mg/kg)

Answer 6

2-3 mg/kg

Question 7

why doesn’t epinephrine change the max dose of bupivicaine?

Answer 7

epi is metabolized faster than bupivicaine (its effect of keeping local anesthetic from entering the intravascular system is nil)

Question 8

when cannulating an infant with CDH for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, which of the following should the surgeon expect to encounter?

Answer 8

vascular hypoplasia of the internal jugular and carotid vessels

Question 9

the most common extracranial solid pediatric malignancies are:

Answer 9

neuroblastomas

Question 10

_______________ is the most common cause of maternal death in the first trimester of pregnancy and accounts for approximately __% of all pregnancy-related deaths

Answer 10

• ectopic pregnancy
• 9%

Question 11

general options for omphalocele repair

Answer 11

• immediate repair
• staged repair
• paint and wait

Question 12

in hereditary spherocytosis with transfusion dependence, splenectomy can be expected to increase hemoglobin concentration by an average of __ g/dL

Answer 12

3 g/dL

Question 13

in SIADH, what is the urine osmolality, serum osmolality, and sodium status?

Answer 13

high urine osmolality, low serum osmolality, and hyponatremia

Question 14

in DI, what is the urine osmolality and serum osmolality?

Answer 14

low urine osmolality and high serum osmolality

Question 15

_______________ is the preferred repair for midureter injuries

Answer 15

primary ureteroureterostomy

Question 16

When there is extensive loss of the distal ureter or ipsilateral pathology, making ureteral reconstruction impossible, _________________ may be considered

Answer 16

transureteroureterostomy

Question 17

Short-segment injuries to the distal ureter are best managed by:

Answer 17

reimplantation with a submucosal tunnel technique

Question 18

what is the mechanism of action of pembrolizumab?

Answer 18

blockade of the PD1-PDL1 interaction (monoclonal antibody)

Question 19

in general, which extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn disease are unlikely to resolve following resection of the diseased bowel?

Answer 19

• the hepatobiliary manifestations (primary sclerosing cholangitis and cirrhosis)
• axial arthropathies (ankylosing spondylitis and sacroiliitis)

Question 20

histologic properties of bile gastritis

Answer 20

• foveolar hyperplasia
• glandular cystic degeneration
• edema of lamina propria without evidence of inflammatory cell infiltration