09 (1) - 13 (1) OCT 2022 (studied 26 JAN)

Question 1

the recommended postintubation initial tidal volume is __-__ mL/kg

Answer 1

5-7 mL/kg

Question 2

for a proximal bile duct injury, or an injury that involves more than 1 cm of the bile duct, the operation of choice is:

Answer 2

Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy

Question 3

the CRASH-3 trial results show that tranexamic acid is safe in patients with traumatic brain injury and that treatment within __ hours of injury reduces head injury–related death

Answer 3

3

Question 4

single focus of chief cells, surrounded by a compressed rim of normal tissue

Answer 4

parathyroid adenomas

Question 5

diffuse proliferation of clear cells with little remaining normal tissue

Answer 5

parathyroid hyperplasia

Question 6

presence of C cell hyperplasia and dispersed plasmacytoid cells with sudden anisonucleosis

Answer 6

medullary thyroid carcinoma

Question 7

presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in lymph node biopsy

Answer 7

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 8

during supraceliac exposure for an open AAA repair, what aberrant artery could leave to significant bleeding?

Answer 8

replaced left hepatic from the left gastric, within the gastrohepatic ligament

Question 9

anuria always implies _________________ until proven otherwise

Answer 9

complete ureteral obstruction

Question 10

how are psychogenic polydipsia versus syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) differentiated?

Answer 10

to differentiate between the two, urine sodium and urine osmolarity are crucial studies to obtain. In SIADH, the urine osmolarity and urine sodium will be elevated, as antidiuretic hormone will inappropriately work on the distal collecting system. In psychogenic polydipsia, the urine sodium and urine osmolarity will be maximally low as the body appropriately tries to keep sodium

(both have hyponatremia as their main feature, and both have low serum osmolarity0

Question 11

___ lymph nodes is the current standard for adequate and accurate staging in gastric cancer according to the December, 2020 NCCN guidelines

Answer 11

16

Question 12

____________ is the best treatment option for a simple unilocular cystic mass in the mesentery of the small bowel

Answer 12

enucleation

Question 13

__________ cancer is the most common extracolonic tumor in patients with Lynch syndrome

Answer 13

endometrial

Question 14

what complication is most unique to stapled hemorrhoidopexy compared to excisional hemorrhoidectomy?

Answer 14

rectovaginal fistula

Question 15

autoinjector intramuscular or subcutaneous epinephrine for anaphylaxis is ___ mg in _:____ concentration, which can be repeated one time after 5 to 15 minutes

Answer 15

• 0.3
• 1:1000

Question 16

a dose of ___ mg of epinephrine (_:____) is the intravenous dose that can be given to a patient with anaphylaxis

Answer 16

• 0.05 mg
• 1:10,000

Question 17

punch biopsy findings in inflammatory breast cancer

Answer 17

dermal tumor emboli in the papillary and reticular dermis of the skin

Question 18

oral ____________ is the best first-line treatment in acute idiopathic pouchitis

Answer 18

ciprofloxacin

Question 19

GISTs most commonly spread via what route?

Answer 19

hematogenous

Question 20

GISTs most commonly spread to what location(s)?

Answer 20

• liver
• peritoneal surfaces