18 (1) SEP - 24 SEP 2022 (studied 12 JAN 2023)

Question 1

ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a premalignant lesion that progresses to invasive ductal cancer in __-__% of patients within 10 years

Answer 1

30-50%

Question 2

__% of DCIS lesions have foci of invasive ductal carcinoma

Answer 2

20%

Question 3

the appropriate margin for DCIS is __ mm

Answer 3

2 mm

Question 4

“No tumor on ink” is the margin criteria applicable to:

Answer 4

invasive cancer

Question 5

the internal anal sphincter is innervated by what nerve roots?

Answer 5

L5-S4

Question 6

the external anal sphincter is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 6

pudendal

Question 7

anastomoses performed with Dacron have been associated with _____________________ and have been described as long as 19 years after implantation

Answer 7

degenerative pseudoaneurysms

Question 8

colonic dilation >___ cm is consistent with toxic megacolon

Answer 8

5.5 cm

Question 9

based on the ARDSNet trial, tidal volume is set between __-__ mL/kg of ideal body weight, ensuring that plateau pressures are lower than __ cm H2O

Answer 9

• 4-6 mL/kg
• 30 cm H2O

Question 10

Milan criteria for liver transplantation

Answer 10

• one hepatoma less than 5 cm in size
• two to three hepatomas less than 3 cm
• no macroscopic vascular invasion
• no extrahepatic disease

Question 11

guidelines suggest that branch-type IPMNs less than __ cm can be safely observed if they are asymptomatic and have no concerning radiographic or cytopathologic evidence of malignancy (mural nodules or abnormal cytology of cyst fluid)

Answer 11

3 cm

Question 12

water hammer pulse is supportive of acute embolism to the:

Answer 12

femoral bifurcation

Question 13

the median time to diagnosis in liver transplant of invasive candidasis is ___ days

Answer 13

155 days

Question 14

what is a Forrest IIb ulcer? what is the risk of re-bleed without intervention?

Answer 14

• visible vessel with adherent clot
• 50%

Question 15

what is the most appropriate topical therapy (for home use) to recommend for condyloma?

Answer 15

podofilox (cream created from active ingredient in podophyllin)

Question 16

in men with a BRCA2 mutation, which is the most common genetic mutation in men with breast cancer, he may have an increased risk for what other cancers?

Answer 16

pancreatic and prostate

Question 17

a free flap is an option for burns that are larger than __ cm2

Answer 17

40

Question 18

A 41-year-old man is diagnosed with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. What is the most appropriate antibiotic selection for this patient?

Answer 18

rifaximin

Question 19

MOA of rifaximin

Answer 19

inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Question 20

______________ accounts for 78% of cardiogenic shock episodes after myocardial infarction

Answer 20

Left ventricular dysfunction