24 - 30 (1) SEP 2022 (studied 12 JAN 2023)

Question 1

_____________ is the preferred regression method for most situations involving survival analysis

Answer 1

Cox proportional hazards modeling

Question 2

the _______ compartment is least likely to develop compartment syndrome - why?

Answer 2

• medial
• contains the neurovascular bundle and less muscle bulk

Question 3

for malrotation, the mesentery must be untwisted in a ____________ fashion

Answer 3

counterclockwise (“turn back the hands of time”)

Question 4

_______________ is the approach used for repair of perforation of the middle third of the esophagus

Answer 4

right posterolateral thoracotomy

Question 5

_______________ is the approach used for repair of perforation of the lower third of the esophagus

Answer 5

left posterolateral thoracotomy

Question 6

the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) found that patients with 70% to 99% internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis had a 2-year risk of ipsilateral stroke of __% if treated with medical therapy alone (vs __% if treated with CEA_

Answer 6

• 26%
• 9%

Question 7

the most commonly missed compartment in a fasciotomy is the __________ compartment

Answer 7

anterior

Question 8

both the gastrocnemius and the soleus muscle lie within the _________________ compartment

Answer 8

superficial posterior

Question 9

resection of gastric adenocarcinoma with __-__-cm proximal margins and __ cm distal margins onto the first portion of the duodenum is considered standard of treatment for this tumor

Answer 9

• 5-6 cm
• 2 cm

Question 10

two most common organisms responsible for lymphangitis

Answer 10

1. strep pyogenes
2. staph aureus

Question 11

____________________ provides the most accurate and cost-effective assessment of thyroid nodules

Answer 11

FNA biopsy

Question 12

____________________ provides the most accurate and cost-effective assessment of thyroid nodules

Answer 12

FNA biopsy

Question 13

richter hernia

Answer 13

involves antimesenteric border of bowel (distal ileum)

Question 14

littre hernia

Answer 14

includes a meckel diverticulum

Question 15

on adrenal MRI, loss of signal on opposed-phase chemical shift sequences is highly specific for diagnosis of a:

Answer 15

cortical adenoma

Question 16

what is the mechanism of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics found in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 16

alteration of the antibiotic target site (horizontal transfer of mecA gene)

Question 17

increasing intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) can be measured with a Foley catheter connected to a transducer and is defined as a pressure greater than ___ mm Hg

Answer 17

12 mm Hg

Question 18

if intraabdominal HTN increases to greater than ___ mm Hg with the development of organ failure, the diagnosis of abdominal compartment syndrome can be made

Answer 18

20 mm Hg

Question 19

how does glutamine reduce bacterial translocation in the gut?

Answer 19

reduces permeability

Question 20

first-line therapy for the management of radiation enteritis?

Answer 20

conservative symptomatic therapy