18-24 JUL 2022 (studied 08 DEC)

Question 1

surveillance strategy for new crohn’s diagnosis?

Answer 1

• initiated 8 years after diagnosis
• random biopsy or chromoendoscopy q1-3 years

Question 2

anterior midline throat mass that moves with swallowing?

Answer 2

thyroglossal duct cyst

Question 3

mass found along anterior border of SCM in a child?

Answer 3

branchial cleft cyst

Question 4

hyperplastic polyps of the stomach should be resected completely if they become larger than ___ cm

Answer 4

> 0.5 cm

Question 5

best treatment for greater saphenous vein thrombosis

Answer 5

prophylactic fondaparinux 2.5 mg

Question 6

steps of a sistrunk procedure

Answer 6

excise cyst, tract, and hyoid bone 1 cm to the left and right of midline of to level of foramen cecum

Question 7

patients with LCIS are most likely to develop what type of breast cancer?

Answer 7

invasive ductal

Question 8

rate limiting enzyme of prostaglandin synthesis

Answer 8

COX-2

Question 9

most common location for stenosis following a sleeve gastrectomy

Answer 9

incisura angularis

Question 10

rutherford classification of acute limb ischemia

Answer 10

Stage I: viable limb that is not immediately threatened (intact motor and sensory function, with audible arterial and venous signals)

Stage IIa: marginally threatened and salvageable limb if properly treated (intact motor function and sensory deficit in the toes [or none at all], with often inaudible arterial signal)

Stage IIb: immediately threatened limb that is salvageable only with immediate revascularization (mild to moderate motor loss with significant sensory loss, with usually inaudible arterial signal)

Stage III: Irreversibly damaged limb with major tissue loss or permanent nerve damage (profound motor and sensory loss, generally with paralysis and inaudible arterial signal)

Question 11

beta lactam abx are most effective when:

Answer 11

drug levels exceed the MIC (keep > MIC for > 50% of the time between doses)

Question 12

strongest independent predictor of pathologic pneumatosis intestinalis

Answer 12

lactate value of 2.0 mg/dL or greater

Question 13

what medication classes have been shown to be protective against radiation enteritis?

Answer 13

• ACE inhibitors
• statins

Question 14

with Crohn’s disease complicated by the development of adenocarcinoma, the extent of the resection is guided by the usual oncologic standard of at least __ cm of bowel proximally and distally

Answer 14

5 cm

Question 15

insulinomas less than __ cm in size can be enucleated

Answer 15

> 2 cm

Question 16

what is the treatment for muscle-invasive gall bladder cancer, stage T1b or higher?

Answer 16

adjuvant chemo

Question 17

treatment for hypermagnesemia

Answer 17

• calcium gluconate
• diuresis
• dialysis

Question 18

indications for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

Answer 18

• rate of growth greater than or equal to 0.5 cm in 6 months or 1 cm in a year
• back or abdominal pain, embolic phenomena, or rupture
• greater than 5.5 cm in men
• greater than 5.0 cm in women

Question 19

what electrolyte abnormalities is most likely in end stage renal disease?

Answer 19

hypermagnesemia

Question 20

the lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer is ___-___% for carriers of a BRCA1 mutation

for BRCA2 it is ___-___%

Answer 20

• 40-60%
• 15-20%