3. White Papers Flashcards
What was the impact of Nazis and Fascists propaganda on the Middle East?
Encourage Arabs to revolt against the British and this endangered their position in Egypt athwart the Suez Canal. They needed oil and they didn’t want to send troops into the Middle East, when they were needed in Europe
What did chiefs of staffs say that would happen if war broke out?
British Eastern Mediterranean fleet would have to proceed to the Far East, conceding the region to the Italians
Why was the Suez Canal important?
Troops can be transferred to Egypt in times of war.
Italian control of the Red Sea entrance to Sue would need that the British would need to transport reinforcements from India overland through Iraq, Palestine and Egypt.
What happened in May 1939?
The white paper
When was the white paper?
May 1939
In the White Paper, what did the British want for Palestine?
Independent Palestine within 10 years, which was neither Jewish nor Arab but one in which they shared responsibility
In the May 1939, what was going to happen for the first five year?
10,000 Jewish immigrants will be allowed into Palestine due to a special quota
In the white paper, what would happen after the 5 years where Jewish migration quota was limited to 10,000?
25,000 refugees as a contribution to the solution of the Jewish refugee problem
In the end of the white paper what would happen?
After 5 years, Jewish migration would no longer happen as long as Arabs were prepared to agree with it
How did Jews and Arabs react to the 1939 White Paper?
Rejected
What did the Jewish agency say about the White paper?
Contrary to international law
Violation of the promise made to the Jews since the Balfour declaration
Jews would resist implementation of the White Paper
What did Ben-Gurion say about the white paper?
The Jews would “fight with Great Britain in this war as if there was no White Paper” but they would aslo””fight the White Paper as if there was no war”
How did Palestinian Arabs react to the White paper?
Thought that the Arab Higher Committee rejected it as it didn’t promise immediate independence with halt to Jewish immigration
What happened in a St.James Conference in early 1939?
British officials tried to convince Zionist leaders to acknowledge the principle of Arab agreements to future Jewish immigration
How did the moderates Arabs of (al-Khalidi and al-Nashashibi) and the leaders of thee Arab government find the white paper?
Hopeful
Who found the White Paper hopeful?
moderates Arabs (al-Khalidi and al-Nashashibi) Leaders of the Arab government
How did the Arab Higher Committee react to the White Paper?
Rejected because it was based on an argument first presented in 1918 that they didn’t want to give any land to the Zionists
What did the white paper show Ben Gurion?
That the Jews had to look for another superpower for support.
Wanted for Jews to determine their own regard without British policies
What did Ben Gurion oversee?
Effort to steal weapons and munitions from them to prepare Jews for a likely armed conflict with Great Britain once the war ended
Between 1939-40, what percentage of the population were Jews?
30%
How many Jews were in Palestine between 1939-40 out of the total population of 1.528 million?
467,000
Out of the 467,000 Jews in Palestine between 1939-40, how many migrated?
300,000 of these were immigrants during the 1930s
What was the estimate of illegal immigrants between 1939-40?
30,000-40,000
During 1939-40, what percentage did migration increase by?
64%
From 1922 to 40, by what size did the Arab population increase by?
660,641 to 1,060,750
Between what years did the Arab population increase from 660,641 to 1,060,750
First census in 1922 to 1940
What percentage rate did the Arab population increase by during 1922 to 1940?
27%
On average how many children did Arab mothers have?
7
What percentage did the Arab urban population increase by?
111% between 1922 to 1924
Between 1922 to 1924, what increased by 111%?
Arab urban population
What Arab area had held its own through further development?
Citrus cultivation
How many industrial establishments did Arabs and non-Jews own in 1943?
1558
In what year did Arabs and non Jews own 1558 industrial establishments?
1943
How many industrial establishments did the Jews. Own in 1943?
1,907
In what year did Jews own 1,907 industrial establishments?
1943
By 1943, how much had Arabs invested into capital?
£2 million
By 1943, how much had Jews invested into capital?
£12.2 million
How many Dunams did the Jews own in 1939?
1.3 million
How many Dunams did the Jews own in 1920?
456,000
How much cultivable land in Palestine did the Jews own?
1/7
