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12th Standard Psychology > 3. methods of enquiry > Flashcards

3. methods of enquiry Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the methods of psychological enquiry?

A

Different methods to study behaviour, psychological processes, and events.

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2
Q

What does Mr. Bhagat notice about his students?

A

He notices that students are excessively dependent on their smartphones.

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3
Q

Why is Mr. Bhagat curious about the impact of gadgets on students?

A

To explore the impact of gadget dependence on the physical and mental health of his students.

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4
Q

What is the focus of the present chapter on Methods of Psychological Enquiry?

A

To understand the process of research in psychology.

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5
Q

What is Psychology as described in the chapter?

A

A scientific discipline that seeks to understand the complexities of the human mind and behaviour.

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6
Q

What are the applications of Psychology?

A

Different fields of Psychology and their practical applications.

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7
Q

What is scientific psychological research?

A

Research that involves a systematic approach to studying psychological phenomena.

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8
Q

Why is scientific research critical?

A

It helps in understanding and operating in a complex world.

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9
Q

What is an example of a strongly held belief without scientific evidence?

A

The belief that Earth was the center of the universe and the sun revolves around it.

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10
Q

What is the purpose of systematic scientific research?

A

To challenge preconceived notions and achieve an objective understanding of the world.

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11
Q

What is the goal of all scientists?

A

To gain a better understanding of the world around them.

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12
Q

What do psychologists focus their attention on understanding?

A

Understanding behavior, cognitive (mental), and physiological (body) processes.

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13
Q

Why is Psychology considered a science?

A

Because it adopts a systematic and objective approach.

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14
Q

What are the scientific values embraced by psychologists?

A

Curiosity, skepticism, objectivity, empiricism.

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15
Q

What is empirical knowledge in Psychology?

A

Knowledge based on objective, tangible evidence that can be observed repeatedly.

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16
Q

What is the first goal of psychological research?

A

To describe behavior in detail.

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17
Q

What is the second goal of psychological research?

A

To explain why something happens.

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18
Q

What is the third goal of psychological research?

A

To predict future occurrences.

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19
Q

What is the fourth goal of psychological research?

A

To control behavior in a systematic manner.

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20
Q

What is the fifth goal of psychological research?

A

To improve a person’s life in a positive manner.

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21
Q

What are the two types of psychological research based on goals?

A

Fundamental research and applied research.

22
Q

What is fundamental research?

A

Research aimed at discovering, describing, and understanding fundamental aspects of behavior.

23
Q

What is applied research?

A

Research dealing with specific, practical problems and finding solutions.

24
Q

How are fundamental and applied research related?

A

Fundamental research provides a base for applied research, and applied research helps expand theoretical understanding.

25
Q

What are the two types of settings for psychological research?

A

Laboratory and field settings.

26
Q

What is laboratory research?

A

Research conducted in a controlled environment.

27
Q

What is field research?

A

Research conducted in real-life situations.

28
Q

What are quantitative and qualitative research?

A

Quantitative research involves numerical data; qualitative research involves descriptive data.

29
Q

What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative research?

A

Quantitative research uses numerical analysis, while qualitative research involves non-numerical data.

30
Q

What is a research design?

A

The specific method used to collect, analyze, and interpret data.

31
Q

What are the three major types of research designs?

A

Descriptive, correlational, and experimental research designs.

32
Q

What is descriptive research?

A

Research designed to provide a picture of the current state of affairs.

33
Q

What is correlational research?

A

Research designed to discover relationships among variables.

34
Q

What is experimental research?

A

Research involving manipulation of variables to establish cause and effect.

35
Q

What is an independent variable in experimental research?

A

The variable manipulated by the experimenter.

36
Q

What is a dependent variable in experimental research?

A

The variable measured to see the effect of the independent variable.

37
Q

What are extraneous variables?

A

Variables that are not the independent variable but could affect the results.

38
Q

What is a confounding variable?

A

A variable that affects the dependent variable apart from the independent variable.

39
Q

What is the first step in conducting an experiment?

A

Forming a hypothesis.

40
Q

What is the purpose of identifying independent and dependent variables?

A

To understand the cause-and-effect relationship.

41
Q

What is the importance of controlling extraneous variables?

A

To ensure the relationship studied is not influenced by other factors.

42
Q

What is the purpose of sampling participants in an experiment?

A

To have a representative group of participants.

43
Q

What is random sampling?

A

A method where all members of the population have an equal chance of being selected.

44
Q

What is a control group in an experiment?

A

The group not exposed to the independent variable.

45
Q

What is an experimental group in an experiment?

A

The group exposed to the independent variable.

46
Q

What is the purpose of comparing retention of information between control and experimental groups?

A

To determine the effect of the independent variable.

47
Q

What is the importance of verifying the hypothesis?

A

To confirm or refute the hypothesis based on the experiment’s results.

48
Q

What are the characteristics of laboratory experiments?

A

Manipulating the independent variable, controlling extraneous variables, and measuring the dependent variable.

49
Q

What is a quasi-experiment?

A

An experiment where independent variable manipulation and random assignment are not entirely possible.

50
Q

What is the role of an independent variable in an experiment?

A

It is manipulated to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

51
Q

What is the role of a dependent variable in an experiment?

A

It is measured to see the effect of the independent variable.

12th Standard Psychology (11 decks)

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