3. Linear Motion Flashcards
What are the 3 Types of Motion?
Linear
Angular
General
What does it mean to move?
How do we quantify movement?
A change in position
Where are we in space
How long did it take
What is Linear Motion/Change?
- A change in position
- AKA Translation
- move in the same direction
What is Angular Motion/Change?
- A change in Orientation
- AKA Rotation
- Spin around a fixed axis
What is General Motion?
A combination of linear and angular motion
When is a movement classified as Linear?
Linear motion occurs when all points on a body/object move the same distance, in the same direction, and at the same time
What are the 2 Types of Linear Motion?
(aka Translatory)
Rectilinear Motion:
- Movement along a Straight Line
Curvilinear Motion
- Movement along a Curved Line
What are examples of RectIlinear Motion?
What are examples of Curvilinear Movement?
What is defined as Linear Kinematics?
Linear kinematics is concerned with the description of linear motion
Questions about speed, distance, and direction are all inquiries about the linear kinematics of an object
Does not concern forces
What is “Position”?
How is it described?
A Location in Space
Described in 1, 2 or 3 Dimesnions
- Up/Down
- Left/Right
- Forward/Back
● It is often useful to have a fixed system of reference to standardize the measurements taken. The system most commonly used is a Cartesian coordinate system
● Movements that are primarily in a single direction (or planar) can be analyzed using two dimensions; points of interest are measured in the x or horizontal direction and in y or vertical direction
● The origin of the movement or the starting point can be measured with respect to the two axes and described as the number of steps away from each line
Differentiate between Distance and Displacement
Distance (l/d)
- the total length of travel
- Scalar quantity
Displacemnt (∆d)
- change in position
- Vector Quantity
What is Speed?
Speed (s) m/s
- change in distance / change in time
- d/t
- Scalar Quantity
- measures how fast/slow a system moves
What is Velocity?
Velocity m/s
- change in displacement / change in time
- ∆d/∆t
- Vector Quantity
What is Pace?
Pace = a person’s manner of walking / running
- change in time / change in distance
- ∆t/d
- inverse of speed
- Scalar
Why might runners account for pace over speed?
Runners often focus on pace over speed because pace allows for better endurance management and consistency over longer distances, helping to maintain energy levels and avoid burnout, while speed emphasizes short bursts of maximum effort. Pace is crucial for optimizing performance in distance running and tracking progress over time.
What is Accleration?
Acceleration m/s^2)
- change in velocity / change in time
- a= ∆v/t
- Vector Quantity
When is Acceleration positive or negative?
If v2 > v1, a is positive
■ The system is accelerating (speeding up, a dynamic state)
If v2 < v1, a is negative
■ The system is decelerating (slowing down, a dynamic state)
If v2 = v1, a is zero
■ No change in the system (static state)
A man travelled +50.0 m.
What does the + sign mean?
the + refers to the direction
the man moved either:
- 50m to the Right / East or,
- 50 m Up / North
A woman walked at a rate of -3.0 m/s.
What does the – sign mean?
the - refers to the direction
the woman moved either:
- left / west
- down / south
A boy on a bike rides at a rate of +3.7 m/s2.
What does the sign in front of the acceleration value mean?
the + tells us if the the boy is speeding up or slowing down
accerlration refers a change in velocity
Vectors and Signs
