16. Hills Muscle Model

Question 1

What is Hill’s Muscle Model?

(3 Main Components)

Answer 1

a biomechanical representation of muscle behavior that describes muscle force generation as a combination of 3 Sites:

1. The contractile element
2. The series elastic component
3. The parallel elastic component

Question 2

Hill’s Muscle Model

What is the The contractile element?

Answer 2

• The site in the muscle where force generation actually occurs
• This is the sarcomere, the basic contractile unit of muscle
• Also known as the active component

Question 3

Hill’s Muscle Model

What is The series elastic component?

Answer 3

• As muscle lengthen, the tendons stretch
• The connective tissue when stretched can contribute to force development
• Also known as the passive component

Question 4

Hill’s Muscle Model

What is The parallel elastic component?

Answer 4

• As muscle lengthen, the connective tissue inside the muscle stretch
• The connective tissue when stretched can contribute to force development
• Also known as the passive component

Question 5

ON FINAL EXAM

Explain Hills Muscle Model without using a Graph:

Answer 5

Every Muscle has an optimal length for force production

As the muscle lengthens, force production increases

(ask chat gpt)

Question 6

Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into what two types?

Answer 6

Slow-twitch (Type I)

Fast-twitch (Type II).

Question 7

What is a twitch?

Answer 7

A twitch, is a small, local, muscle contraction and relaxation
A single muscle action in response to a brief threshold stimulation

Question 8

What is the difference between fast and slow twitch fibers when it come to force production?

Answer 8

• Fast twitch (FT) fibers reach peak tension and relax more quickly than slow twitch (ST) fibers
• Peak Tension is Typically greater for FT than ST

Question 9

What is The Force-Velocity Relationship for a CONCENTRIC Action?

Answer 9

• When resistance is negligible, the muscle contracts w/ MAXIMAL VELOCITY
• When a lot of force is required, concentric actions must occur slowly
• More force is thus generated during isometric actions (check)

Question 10

What is The Force-Velocity Relationship for a ECCENTRIC Action?

Answer 10

The faster a muscle lengthens, the more force it can generate (check chat)