16. Biomechanics of the Body Flashcards
What is the Skeletal System?
What are its Basic Components?
- Bones and the tissues such as tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connect them
- Bones and joints are the basic components of the skeletal system (Joint is simply a connection between bones)
- Mechanically, this system is a series of rigid links connected to each other to allow for specific movement
Teeth are also considered part of your skeletal system
How strong are Bones (relative)?
Forces acting on a system impose loads that affect the structures of that body
Whether or not the system can handle these loads is dependent upon what 2 things?
- Size of the force
- Area over which that force is applied
What is Mechanical Stress?
Mechanical stress =
Internal Force (F) / Cross-sectional area of internal surface (A)
● stress = F / A
● Measured in Nm2 (or Pascals)
● Reflects the likelihood of injury or damage to the system
What is Mechanical pressure?
Mechanical pressure =
External Force (F) / Cross-sectional area of external surface (A)
● pressure = F / A
● Measured in Nm2 (or Pascals)
● Reflects the likelihood of injury or damage to the system
Stress and Pressure both refer to what?
the ability to withstand a force
What is Tension?
(Tensile Stress)
What is Compression?
(Compressive Stress)
What is Bending?
Bending is a combo of Compression & Tension
What is Shear?
(Shear Stress)
How do Bones react to the 3 principal stresses of tension, compression and shear?
(internal forces generated within the body)
Show some examples of bone reacting with primary stresses.
Define Stress and Strain:
Stress: Amount of Force Applied to the System
Strain: The Change in Shape of the System
