3) Intervention: Performance Skill

Question 1

Which of the following has STRONG evidence for enhancing cognitive development?

*Home-Based EI
*Combination of Clinic and Home-Based
*NIDCAP
*Therapist-led Clinic-Based with focus on parent-child dyads

Answer 1

Home-Based E.I.
NIDCAP

*other two have moderate evidence

Question 2

Rank the following evidence for enhancing cognitive development in ages 0-5 (using Strong, Moderate, Low/Insufficient).

Reading to young children.
Executive Function programs for children with ADHD
Imaginative Play for at-risk youth
Touch Interventions
Education on interacting and playing with the child
Cognitive Function group intervention
Group Activities focused on developmental and sensory activities

Answer 2

(S) Reading to young children.
(M) Executive Function programs for children with ADHD
(M) Imaginative Play for at-risk youth
(M) Touch Interventions
(M) Education on interacting and playing with the child
(L/I) Cognitive Function group intervention
(S) Group Activities focused on developmental and sensory activities

Question 3

CO-OP, Alert Program, Cog-Fun, and POET, are all examples of what?

Answer 3

Cognitive Interventions

Question 4

_____ refers to how the body directs movement and how the musculoskeletal system interacts to carry out movements.

Answer 4

Motor Control

this is how the CNS organizes movement (how we quantify, time, and the quality of movement)

Question 5

_____ refers to the strategies and techniques used to teach others how to move.

Answer 5

Motor Learning

this is about how and when therapists provide directions, feedback, cues, and practice

Question 6

Which two theories view motor actions as complex results of the interactions between person, tasks, and environments?

Answer 6

Dynamic Systems Theory

Ecological Theory

Question 7

What does the term AGENCY mean in the Ecological Theory?

Answer 7

the early childhood discovery of the ability to control aspects of an event through one’s own actions

Question 8

Name 6 Motor Learning Principles.

Answer 8

Meaningful
Feedback
Implicit Learning
Repetition
Manual Guidance
Transfer of Learning

Question 9

What is IMPLICIT LEARNING?

Answer 9

when the child plays a role in learning a new skill, including, monitoring their own movements to determine effectiveness

Question 10

What is the importance of VARIABILITY in motor learning?

Answer 10

movement occurs in a variety of contexts, therapist should focus on the child moving in multiple ways while engaging in occupations

Question 11

Can addressing isolated component skills of handwriting, improve handwriting legibility?

Answer 11

No. Evidence does NOT suggest this.

Evidence shows improvement in visual perception and handwriting speed only, but not legibility.

Evidence suggests therapeutic practice is the best approach.

Question 12

_____ are behaviors that facilitate engagement with others.

Answer 12

Social Behaviors

Question 13

_____ is the ability to manage emotions and behaviors.

Answer 13

Emotional and Behavioral Regulation

Question 14

_____ is perceiving and processing social information and includes skills such as emotion recognition and reading body language.

Answer 14

Social Cognition

Question 15

_____ is understanding broad social constructs and expectations.

Answer 15

Social Knowledge

Question 16

When providing intervention for social-emotional skills with an 8 y.o. boy on the autism spectrum, you are working on a goal of social knowledge. How is social knowledge defined?
a. The behaviors that facilitate engagement with others
b. The ability to manage emotions and behaviors
c. The skill of perception and processing of social information
INCORRECT.
d. The understanding of broad social constructs and social expectations

Answer 16

d. The understanding of broad social constructs and social expectations.

Question 17

Identify three appropriate frames of reference for Social Emotional Interventions.

Answer 17

Developmental
Ayres Sensory Integration
Cognitive-Behavioral

Question 18

The primary model for social emotional intervention with infants is _____?

Answer 18

NIDCAP: systematic observations of autonomic, motor, state, attention-interaction, and self-regulation… caregivers learn the infant’s specific signals of stress/avoidance

Question 19

What is the Integrative Developmental Care Model used for?

Answer 19

Neonatal populations

Question 20

What are some infant interventions that are effective for social-emotional development?

Answer 20

Touch-Based (Kangaroo Care)
Qigong Massage

Question 21

List Somatosensory Techniques (that are not ASI) and state their current evidence.

Answer 21

Qigong Massage (Strong)
Wilbarger Protocol (None)
Weighted Vest (Mixed)

Question 22

List Vestibular Techniques (that are not ASI) and state their current evidence.

Answer 22

Astronaut Program
Slow Linear Swinging
Dynamic Seating

Question 23

List Auditory Techniques (that are not ASI) and state their current evidence.

Answer 23

Listening Program
Sound-Based Interventions
Sound Therapy

Question 24

List Cognitive Techniques (that are not ASI) and state their current evidence.

Answer 24

Alert Program
Social Stories

Question 25

Match the definition to the diagnosis.

A) visual acuity no better than 20/200 in the better eye, central visual field no greater than 20 degrees
B) neurological visual impairment due to damage to the posterior visual system of the brain or visual pathways
C) reduction in visual acuity no better than 20/60 but better than 20/200 in the better eye with correction

Answer 25

A) Legal Blindness
B) Cortical Visual Impairment
C) Low Vision

Question 26

Define the following Vision Impairments.

Ocular Visual Impairment

Strabismus

Answer 26

Ocular Visual Impairment is a damage to the structures of the eye to the optic chiasm

Strabismus is a misalignment of the eyes, including, esotropia (inward turning of both eyes) and exotropia (outward turning of the eyes)

Question 27

Define the following Vision Impairments.

Hemianopsia

Amblyopia

Cerebral Visual Impairment

Answer 27

Hemianopsia is a visual field deficit on only one side

Amblyopia is loss of vision in one eye or reduced vision in one eye

Cortical Visual Impairment encompasses all forms of visual processing disorders

Question 28

Which of the following criteria is NOT included in the diagnosis of Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI)?

a. Eye exam does not explain the child’s use of functional vision
b. History of brain condition, trauma, or damage
c. Damage to the structures of the optic chiasm
d. Visual responses are delayed (visual latency)

Answer 28

c. Damage to the structures of the optic chiasm

(this would be an OCULAR visual impairment)

Question 29

Describe the expected response for the following CVI Ranges.

1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10

Answer 29

1-2: minimal visual response
3-4: more consistent visual response
5-6: uses vision for functional tasks
7-8: demonstrates visual curiosity
9-10: spontaneously uses vision for most functional activities

Question 30

What are the 3 phases of CVI Intervention per the CVI Ranges Assessment?

Answer 30

Phase I: Building visual behavior
Phase II: Integrating vision with function
Phase III: Refinement of CVI characteristics

Question 31

What are the three main components of Visual Information Processing Skills?

Answer 31

Visual Spatial
Visual Analysis
Visual Motor

Question 32

Visual discrimination, visual figure ground, visual closure, and visual memory and visualization, are all categories under WHICH Visual Information Processing Skill?

Visual Spatial
Visual Analysis
Visual Motor

Answer 32

Visual Analysis

Question 33

The visual ability to look from one stationary object to another, is called _____.

Answer 33

Saccadic Movement

Question 34

The visual ability to coordinate eye movements as the eyes move while following a moving object or while reading, is called _____.

Answer 34

Visual Pursuits