3) Intervention: Overview

Question 1

Top-Down Approach starts with?

Answer 1

participation in daily occupations and activities

Question 2

Bottom-Up Approach starts with?

Answer 2

evaluation of client factors and performance skills (idea is that these deficits hinder performance in daily occupations)

Question 3

What is unique about the therapist role in context-focused therapy?

Answer 3

therapists are trained to change the characteristics of the task and/or environment

Question 4

Difference in INTERNAL and EXTERNAL evidence?

Answer 4

Internal - data collected directly from clients to ensure they are making progress

External - evidence from literature to help determine if an approach will be effective

Question 5

What is Internal Validity in EBP?

Answer 5

extent to which the results of the research may be biased

Question 6

Name the 5 Basic Levels of Evidence.

Answer 6

1) Systematic Reviews and RCTs
2) Cohort Studies
3) Case-Controlled Studies
4) Case Series
5) Case-based Reasoning or Expert Opinion

Question 7

How do you generate a well-developed question?

Answer 7

P.I.C.O.
P - Population/Patient/Problem
I - Intervention/Exposure
C - Comparison
O - Outcome

Question 8

Define the “Create, Promote” or “Health Promotion” approach to intervention.

Answer 8

this approach does not assume a disability is present or that any aspect would interfere with performance

provides enriched experiences that enhance performance for all people in natural contexts of life

Question 9

Develop a fatigue management program for a patient recently diagnosed with MS.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 9

Create, Promote (Health Promotion)

Question 10

Create a resource list of developmentally appropriate toys to be distributed by staff at a daycare program.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 10

Create, Promote (Health Promotion)

Question 11

Define the “Establish, Restore” or “Remediation, Restoration” approach to intervention.

Answer 11

this approach is designed to change patient variables to establish a skill or ability that has not yet developed

or to restore a skill or ability that has been impaired

Question 12

Increase a patient’s upper extremity movement to enable transfer of dishes from the dishwasher to the cabinet.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 12

Establish, Restore (Remediation/Restoration)

Question 13

Restore access ramps to a church entrance after a hurricane.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 13

Establish, Restore (Remediation/Restoration)

Question 14

Define the “Maintain” approach to intervention.

Answer 14

this approach provides supports that will allow patients to preserve performance capabilities that they have regained, to continue to meet their occupational needs

Question 15

Provide ongoing intervention for a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to address participation in desired occupations through provision of assistive technology.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 15

Maintain

Question 16

Define the “Modify” or “Compensation, Adaptation” approach to intervention.

Answer 16

approach directed at finding ways to change the current context or activity demands to support performance, including compensatory techniques

Question 17

Simplify task sequence to help a person with cognitive impairments complete a morning self-care routine.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 17

Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)

Question 18

Modify a community center to accommodate children with mobility impairments.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 18

Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)

Question 19

Define the “Prevent” or “Disability Prevention” intervention approach.

Answer 19

designed to address the needs of patients with or without a disability who are at risk of occupational performance problems

designed to prevent the occurrence of evolution of barriers to performance in context

Question 20

Recommending playground and supplies.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 20

Create, Promote

Question 21

Creating opportunities for students to prepare for post-secondary transition.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 21

Create, Promote

Question 22

Designing a system to facilitate a student’s independence in self-management of pasttraumatic brain injury recovery.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 22

Establish, Restore

Question 23

Using a battery-operated wheelchair for independent mobility through school.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 23

Maintain

Question 24

Programming a preset daily alarm to cue a young adult student to go to the nurse for their medication regimen.

Answer 24

Maintain

Question 25

Incorporating a daily visual schedule with icons to support independent performance of school jobs.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 25

Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)

Question 26

Introducing a push-button or keyed lock on a student’s physical education locker so that the student can access belongings in a timely manner along with peers.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 26

Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)

Question 27

Adjusting work surface heights to facilitate adequate posture and endurance for academic tasks.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 27

Prevent

Question 28

Instituting a school-wide “no-lift” transfer policy for student bathroom needs.

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Answer 28

Prevent

Question 29

Pediatric Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (p-CIMT) would be an example of what type of intervention approach?

Create/Promote (not this)
Establish/Restore
Maintain
Modify

Answer 29

?????

Question 30

There are several essential concepts which may guide a therapist’s understanding of current pediatric treatment approaches. When a therapist changes the characteristics of the task and/or make changes to the physical environment in order for a child to be successful at a task, the therapist is using a(n):

a. Occupation-based intervention
b. Strength-based focused intervention
INCORRECT.
c. Context-focused intervention
d. Family-centered intervention

Answer 30

Context-Focused Intervention

Question 31

An occupational therapist working in an elementary school helps the 3rd grade classrooms to incorporate universal design principles for learning. What intervention approach is the OT incorporating?

a. Create/promote
b. Establish/Restore INCORRECT.
c. Maintain
d. Modify

Answer 31

Create/Promote

Question 32

What is the “Occupations and Activities” type of intervention?

Answer 32

using occupations and activities as interventions, to meet therapeutic goals and address the underlying needs of the patient’s mind, body, and spirit

Question 33

What are some “Interventions to Support Occupations”?

Answer 33

PAMs and Mechanical Modalities
Orthotics and Prosthetics
Assistive Technology
Environmental Modifications
Wheeled Mobility
Self-Regulation

Question 34

“The therapist, child, and family collaborate to set goals with the therapist providing strategies for task specific practice to utilize a motor learning approach.”

Which Intervention Approach is this?
Context Focused
Task Oriented
Strength-Based

Answer 34

Task Oriented and Goal Directed

(example: a goal to be able to independently organize book bag in a classroom space)

Question 35

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Design sensory-enriched classrooms with various seating options and opportunities for sensory experiences.

Establish/Restore
Create/Promote
Maintain
Compensation/Adaptation

Answer 35

Create and Promote

Question 36

Which Intervention Approach is this?

Provide controlled sensory input through activities that require increasingly complex adaptive responses to novel activity to support ability to access curriculum standards and participate in classroom activities.

Establish/Restore
Create/Promote
Maintain
Compensation/Adaptation

Answer 36

Establish/Restore