3) Intervention: Overview Flashcards
Module 3
Top-Down Approach starts with?
participation in daily occupations and activities
Bottom-Up Approach starts with?
evaluation of client factors and performance skills (idea is that these deficits hinder performance in daily occupations)
What is unique about the therapist role in context-focused therapy?
therapists are trained to change the characteristics of the task and/or environment
Difference in INTERNAL and EXTERNAL evidence?
Internal - data collected directly from clients to ensure they are making progress
External - evidence from literature to help determine if an approach will be effective
What is Internal Validity in EBP?
extent to which the results of the research may be biased
Name the 5 Basic Levels of Evidence.
1) Systematic Reviews and RCTs
2) Cohort Studies
3) Case-Controlled Studies
4) Case Series
5) Case-based Reasoning or Expert Opinion
How do you generate a well-developed question?
P.I.C.O.
P - Population/Patient/Problem
I - Intervention/Exposure
C - Comparison
O - Outcome
Define the “Create, Promote” or “Health Promotion” approach to intervention.
this approach does not assume a disability is present or that any aspect would interfere with performance
provides enriched experiences that enhance performance for all people in natural contexts of life
Develop a fatigue management program for a patient recently diagnosed with MS.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Create, Promote (Health Promotion)
Create a resource list of developmentally appropriate toys to be distributed by staff at a daycare program.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Create, Promote (Health Promotion)
Define the “Establish, Restore” or “Remediation, Restoration” approach to intervention.
this approach is designed to change patient variables to establish a skill or ability that has not yet developed
or to restore a skill or ability that has been impaired
Increase a patient’s upper extremity movement to enable transfer of dishes from the dishwasher to the cabinet.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Establish, Restore (Remediation/Restoration)
Restore access ramps to a church entrance after a hurricane.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Establish, Restore (Remediation/Restoration)
Define the “Maintain” approach to intervention.
this approach provides supports that will allow patients to preserve performance capabilities that they have regained, to continue to meet their occupational needs
Provide ongoing intervention for a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to address participation in desired occupations through provision of assistive technology.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Maintain
Define the “Modify” or “Compensation, Adaptation” approach to intervention.
approach directed at finding ways to change the current context or activity demands to support performance, including compensatory techniques
Simplify task sequence to help a person with cognitive impairments complete a morning self-care routine.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)
Modify a community center to accommodate children with mobility impairments.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)
Define the “Prevent” or “Disability Prevention” intervention approach.
designed to address the needs of patients with or without a disability who are at risk of occupational performance problems
designed to prevent the occurrence of evolution of barriers to performance in context
Recommending playground and supplies.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Create, Promote
Creating opportunities for students to prepare for post-secondary transition.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Create, Promote
Designing a system to facilitate a student’s independence in self-management of pasttraumatic brain injury recovery.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Establish, Restore
Using a battery-operated wheelchair for independent mobility through school.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Maintain
Programming a preset daily alarm to cue a young adult student to go to the nurse for their medication regimen.
Maintain
Incorporating a daily visual schedule with icons to support independent performance of school jobs.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)
Introducing a push-button or keyed lock on a student’s physical education locker so that the student can access belongings in a timely manner along with peers.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Modify (Compensation/Adaptation)
Adjusting work surface heights to facilitate adequate posture and endurance for academic tasks.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Prevent
Instituting a school-wide “no-lift” transfer policy for student bathroom needs.
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Prevent
Pediatric Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (p-CIMT) would be an example of what type of intervention approach?
Create/Promote (not this)
Establish/Restore
Maintain
Modify
?????
There are several essential concepts which may guide a therapist’s understanding of current pediatric treatment approaches. When a therapist changes the characteristics of the task and/or make changes to the physical environment in order for a child to be successful at a task, the therapist is using a(n):
a. Occupation-based intervention
b. Strength-based focused intervention
INCORRECT.
c. Context-focused intervention
d. Family-centered intervention
Context-Focused Intervention
An occupational therapist working in an elementary school helps the 3rd grade classrooms to incorporate universal design principles for learning. What intervention approach is the OT incorporating?
a. Create/promote
b. Establish/Restore INCORRECT.
c. Maintain
d. Modify
Create/Promote
What is the “Occupations and Activities” type of intervention?
using occupations and activities as interventions, to meet therapeutic goals and address the underlying needs of the patient’s mind, body, and spirit
What are some “Interventions to Support Occupations”?
PAMs and Mechanical Modalities
Orthotics and Prosthetics
Assistive Technology
Environmental Modifications
Wheeled Mobility
Self-Regulation
“The therapist, child, and family collaborate to set goals with the therapist providing strategies for task specific practice to utilize a motor learning approach.”
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Context Focused
Task Oriented
Strength-Based
Task Oriented and Goal Directed
(example: a goal to be able to independently organize book bag in a classroom space)
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Design sensory-enriched classrooms with various seating options and opportunities for sensory experiences.
Establish/Restore
Create/Promote
Maintain
Compensation/Adaptation
Create and Promote
Which Intervention Approach is this?
Provide controlled sensory input through activities that require increasingly complex adaptive responses to novel activity to support ability to access curriculum standards and participate in classroom activities.
Establish/Restore
Create/Promote
Maintain
Compensation/Adaptation
Establish/Restore
