3- Emerging infectious diseases

Question 1

family of ebola virus (filoviridae) has which 3 genera

Answer 1

• ebolavirus
• marburgvirus
• cuevavirus (only as viral RNA in bats in spain)

Question 2

T/F ebola virus is a rare and deadly disease in people and non human primates

Answer 2

T

Question 3

How can people get ebola

Answer 3

direct contact with an infected animal (bat or non human primate) or a sick or dead person infected with ebola

Question 4

modes of transmission of ebola virus

Answer 4

• body fluids
• contaminated objects
• infected fruit bats or non human primates (monkey)
• semen from a man who recovered from EVD

Question 5

onset of ebola

Answer 5

• appear 2-21 days after contact (avg 8-10 days)

- symptoms go from dry to wet

Question 6

symptoms of ebola

Answer 6

fever, aches and pains, weakness, GI symptoms, abdominal pain, hemorrhaging, bleeding, bruising
- symptoms in the late stage can include red eyes, skin rash, and hiccups

Question 7

T/F ebola virus causes systemic inflammatory syndrome

Answer 7

T, it does so by causing the release of cytokines from macrophages

Question 8

T/F the coagulation defect in ebola is induced indirectly, through the host inflammatory response

Answer 8

T

Question 9

T/F diagnosing ebola shortly after infection is easy

Answer 9

F, symptoms are non specific

Question 10

What to consider in a pt with non specific symptoms, who you suspect to have ebola virus

Answer 10

• suggestive symtoms

- possible exposure 21 days before onset of symptoms

Question 11

diagnosis of Ebola is done

Answer 11

by PCR

Question 12

TX of ebola

Answer 12

supportive care to maintain normal organ function

vaccine in high risk population

Question 13

what type of virus is chikungunya, and which mosquito transmits it

Answer 13

arthropod borne alphavirus (aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus)

Question 14

can chikungunya be transmitted from mother to child

Answer 14

yes rarely

Question 15

T/F
chikungunya had an outbreak in italy in 2007
first acquired cases in america were in 2013 on Caribbean islands

Answer 15

T

T

Question 16

Onset of chikungunya

Answer 16

majority of people infected with chikungunya become SYMPTOMATIC.
- incubation period is 3-7 days

Question 17

symptoms of chikungunya

Answer 17

acute onset of high fever, polyarthralgia (bilateral and symmetric joint symptoms)
headache, myalgia, arthritis, conjunctivitis, nausea, maculopapular rash.
Labs: lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, creatinine, elevated transaminases

Question 18

symptoms of chikungunya resolve in

Answer 18

7-10 days.

Question 19

rare complications of chikungunya

Answer 19

uveitis, retinitis, myocarditis ,hepatitis, nephritis, bullous skin lesions, hemorrhage, meningoencephalitis, myelitis, guillain barresyndrome, and cranial nerve palsies

Question 20

T/F some chikungunya pts can have relapse of rheumatological symptoms in months following acute illness

Answer 20

T

Question 21

T/F mortality for chikungunya is rare and occurs mostly in older adults

Answer 21

T

Question 22

Dx of chikungunya

Answer 22

RT-PCR, IgM and IgG

Question 23

tx for chikungunya

Answer 23

rest, fluids, NSAIDS, corticosteroids for joint therapy.

protect infected people from mosquitos during first week of illness to reduce risk fo local transmission