(3) Change and Continuity in Doctrine

Question 1

Trail of John Lambert

Answer 1

1536 Norfolk accused him of heresy - he escaped punishment until 1538 when he was put on trial for denying the real presence

H questioned Lambert’s beliefs himself during the trail and in doing so showed his own

A royal proclamation after Lamberts burning reinstated the importance of real presence, clerical celibacy and heretical literature being illegal

Question 2

Matthew Bible

Answer 2

Miles Coverdale made this Bible to have in every parish as the injuctions stated

His translation was heavily influenced by Tyndale and Luther’s translation (he mostly choose Protestant translation interpretations instead of Catholic)

Gardiner argued the ill-educated shouldn’t be able to misconstrue Christ’s word - H agreed saying the word of god is ‘ryhmed, sung and jangled in every ale house’

Question 3

The Ten Articles

Answer 3

Emphasised Baptism, Penance and Mass + real presence affirmed

Good works needed and only pray to god, the cross and Mary

Question 4

Bishops Book

Answer 4

1537 - Cromwell called many bishops to resolve doctrinal and liturgical disputes

It was very reformist and H wasn’t happy, it approved it but revoked 3 years latter

Question 5

The Six Articles

Answer 5

After Lambert case (shows religious deviation) and excommunication+crusade call H called a halt to theological experimentation

1539 Parliament was summoned and six articles was a result of a committee set up to discuss religion

Main Points - uphold Catholic transubstantiation, forbade clergy to marry and chastity vows upheld

This was to show Europe England was just Catholic without a Pope

Question 6

The Kings Book

Answer 6

1543 revision of Bishop’s Book
It emphasised seven sacraments and Lord’s Prayer as the six articles stated it

Gardiner, Tunstall and Stokesley were conservatives bishops who supported the kings revision

Just after Parliament ‘Act for the Advancement of True Religion’ passed - only nobles could have English Bible

Many reformers forced to recant or be imprisoned

Question 7

Chantries

Answer 7

The Kings Book reinforced the importance of prayers for souls in Purgatory and on his death he payed for many masses to be said for him £600 for masses and £666 for the poor to pray for him

However by 1545 56 chantries dissolved (money used to partially pay for french war)