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Ancient History > 3 > Flashcards

3 Flashcards

1
Q

When did Darius come to power?

A

522 BC

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2
Q

Who was Darius to Cambyses?

A

A distant relative

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3
Q

Where did the first revolts against Darius happen?

A

Elam and Babylonia

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4
Q

When did the first rebellion by Babylonia break out?

A

October 522

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5
Q

Who led the first rebellion of Elam and Babylonia

A

Nidintu-Bel

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6
Q

When did the Persians beat the first wave of the rebellion in Babylonia?

A

December 522

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7
Q

The other alleged son of Nabonidus, who led the second rebellion in Babylonia?

A

Arakha

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8
Q

Who defeated the Babylonians for the second time?

A

Intaphernes

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9
Q

When were the Babylonians defeated for the second time?

A

November 521

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10
Q

Which were all the rebelling regions?

A

Persia, Elam, Babylonia, Media, Assyria, Egypt, Parthia, Margiana, Sattagydia and the Saka of Central Asia

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11
Q

How many advisors, including Nidintu-Bel were killed by Darius?

A

50, 49 + Nidintu. This also happened with Arakha the next year

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12
Q

How many battles did Darius fight against the rebellion in a single year?

A

19

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13
Q

How many revolting kings did he take prisoner?

A

9

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14
Q

Who was Ahuramazda?

A

The god of Zoroastrianism

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15
Q

What is ‘truth’ in Persian

A

Arta

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16
Q

What is ‘the lie’ in Persian

A

Drauga, which is what the kings were described as in the Bisitun inscription

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17
Q

How many Satrapies did Darius organise the empire into?

A

20

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18
Q

What were the two main duties of a Satrap?

A

Collect taxes and provide troops

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19
Q

What were the 4 royal cities at the time?

A

Susa, Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis

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20
Q

What were the 3 parts of Susa?

A

Apadana Mound, Royal City, Acropolis

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21
Q

What is the apadana?

A

Audience hall in Persian royal palace

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22
Q

What other city did Darius establish

A

Persepolis

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23
Q

When did construction of Persepolis begin?

A

518BC

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24
Q

What is the Persian name for the Greeks?

A

Yauna

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25
Q

What is the name of Darius’ wife (the most influential one)

A

Atossa

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26
Q

What is the name of Darius’ half-brother

A

Artaphernes

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27
Q

When was Samos brought into the empire?

A

517 BC

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28
Q

When were Lesbos and Chios involved?

A

513 BC

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29
Q

Who was responsible for exploring the Indus Valley

A

Scylax, from the city of Caryanda in Caria

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30
Q

When did Darius invade Europe?

A

513 BC

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31
Q

Where was Darius’ invasion of Europe targeted

A

Scythia and Thrace

32
Q

Where is modern-day Scythia?

A

Ukraine

33
Q

Where is modern-day Thrace?

A

Bulgaria

34
Q

What is the Ister known as today

A

The Danube

35
Q

Who completed the conquest of Thrace?

A

Megabazus

36
Q

Who was Miltiades

A

Greek general (father of Cimon)

37
Q

Who was Histiaeus

A

A tyrant of Miletus

38
Q

What did the Persians demand from the Macedonians

A

Earth and Water (symbolic tokens of submission given to the Persians by people accepting Persian rule over them)

39
Q

What is the name the Persians gave to people who lived in Thrace?

A

Skudra

40
Q

What was Thrace rich in?

A

Gold and Silver, timber

41
Q

What did conquering Thrace help with?

A

Naval Dominance (control the route from the Aegean to the Black Sea)

42
Q

Who was Mardonius?

A

A Persian commander, who introduced democratic systems into the Ionian cities

43
Q

What happened in 492 BC?

A

Darius sent a fleet to the north of Greece to punish Athens and Eretria for helping the Milesians

44
Q

What does ‘medise’ mean?

A

The act of submitting to the Persians

45
Q

When was the Battle of Marathon?

A

490BC

46
Q

How many Greeks died in the Battle of Marathon?

A

192

47
Q

How many Persians died in the Battle of Marathon?

A

6400

48
Q

What tactics did the Greeks use in the Battle of Marathon

A

Phalanx- tightly packed formation used by heavily armed Greek soldiers

49
Q

When did Darius die?

A

486 BC

50
Q

How long did Darius reign for?

A

36 years

51
Q

When was Darius born?

A

550BC

52
Q

Who was the less significant daughter of Cyrus, who Darius married

A

Artystone

53
Q

Who was the 3rd wife of Darius (granddaughter of Cyrus)?

A

Parmys

54
Q

What was Darius called?

A

The huckster (always sought to make a profit)

55
Q

What was Zopyrus famous for

A

No nose (story about pledging allegiance)

56
Q

Who ran to Athens?

A

Pheidippides

57
Q

What inscription was there at Susa?

A

The Foundation Charter

58
Q

What did the Persians call Persepolis?

A

Parsa, construction began in 518

59
Q

How tall was the terrace in Persepolis?

A

12m

60
Q

How much area did Persepolis take up?

A

34 acres

61
Q

How many nations supported Darius?

A

23

62
Q

How long was the canal connecting the Nile to the Red Sea?

A

50 miles

63
Q

When was the nile canal completed?

A

498BC

64
Q

What did the royal road do?

A

Connect all the capitals of the Achaemenid Empire

65
Q

How long did it take to travel from Sardis to Susa?

A

90 Days

66
Q

What was the name of the currency Darius introduced?

A

Darayaka

67
Q

When was the new Darayaka currency introduced?

A

500BC

68
Q

How many countries does Darius say are under his command?

A

23

69
Q

What engineering projects did Darius commission

A

Advanced road system
50-mile canal in Egypt which joined the Nile to the Red Sea

70
Q

Who recommended Darius expand his empire

A

Atossa

71
Q

Why did Atossa recommend Darius expand his empire?

A

A Greek doctor called Democedes had healed her of an abscess and asked her to recommend it to Darius, so that he could escape home to the Greek city of Croton

72
Q

Who was the tyrant of Miletus?

A

Aristagoras, acting in place of his uncle, Histiaeus

73
Q

Why did Aristagoras fall out with the Persians?

A

He had wanted to launch an invasion of Naxos, the main island of the Cyclades, but this had failed.

74
Q

What did Aristagoras do to try and maintain his influential position?

A

He laid down his tyranny and incited Miletus and the other Ionian cities to drive out their tyrants and to revolt against the Persians.

75
Q

What did Aristagoras do after Miletus revolted

A

He went to mainland Greece, to initially ask the Spartans for troops and aid. However, they refused, so he appealed to the Athenians, who gave him a warmed reception.

76
Q

How many ships did the Athenians give to Aristagoras?

A

20

Ancient History (19 decks)

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