3/11 kinetics Flashcards
for first order reactions, what is the slope of the line in a Ln[A]0 vs t graph
the slope is -k
for first order reactions, what is the y intercept of the line in a Ln[A]0 vs t graph
Ln[A]0
what type of reaction order is radioactive isotopes
first order
for elementary steps, the exponent (alpha or beta) is
the stoichiometric coefficient 1
how does a second order half life relate to concentration
it is inversely proportional to the initial concentration
how does the first order half life relate to the concentration
it is independent of the initial concentration
what does the arrhenius equation tell us about the rate constant
it is dependent on temperature
what units does the arrhenius pre-exponential factor have
the same units as K
when we increase the temperature for a reaction, what happens to the rate of the reaction
it increases
at equillibirum, what happens to d[A]/ dt ?
it is equal to 0 because at equilibrium the concentrations do not change
what is the steady state approximation
it is when we assume that the concentration of an intermediate (I) in a mechanism is constant during a reaction
what is the reaction of an enzyme generlly
an enzyme reversibly joins with a substrate to form a complex and then in a second reaction, the substrate is consumed to form a product and the enzyme is regenerated
in the michaeleson reaction, if the initial concentration of substrate is small, what does this tell us about the reaction rate?
it tells us that the rate and substrate are linearly related
if the substrate concentration increases, then the rate will increase
it also tells us the the substrate is first order
if the initial substrate is large, what happens to the rate
we can neglect km and the rate no longer depends on the amount of substrate
what is Vmax
it is the maximum rate of the reaction; any changes to the substrate concentration at this point will not change the rate of the reaction
what is K2
it is the turnover number
what is the turnover number
it is amount of substrate converted to product each second by th enzyme
what happens to the rate is the initial concentration of substrate is equal to km?
the rate will be 1/2 of the maximum rate
what is km?
it is the initial concentration of substrate at which the rate is half the maximum rate
graphically, when the initial substrate concentration is low, how are the rate and substrate concentration related
linear
graphically, what happens when the initial substrate concentration is large
vmax is reached the the line plateaus
