2A.2 THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards
The brain overall structure
- 2 large cerebral hemispheres overlie the brainstem
> Hemispheres divided by LONGITUDINAL FISSURE
> communicate via the CORPUS CALLOSUM
what are the 5 lobes of the brain
Parietal
Occipital
Frontal
Insula
Temporal
which lobe is responsible for the following:
- Behaviour & Emotional Control
- Personality
- Problem Solving (reasoning &
judgement)
- Voluntary Motor Activity
- Pre-Central gyrus
- Broca’s Area
- If damaged, difficulty producing
language
Frontal
Which brain lobe has the following:
- Integrates sensory information
* Processing and perception of:
* Touch
* Pain
* Proprioception
* Post-Central Gyrus
* Sensory reception (touch)
* Perception of Language
* Wernicke’s Area
* If damaged, difficulty
understanding speech
Parietal lobe
which brain lobe has the following:
- Auditory information processing
- Processes Language
> Semantics and Naming
- Processes Smell
Temporal Lobe
Which brain lobe has the following:
- Receives and process visual information
Occipital Lobe
What does the Diencephalon contain?
Thalamus
- Gatekeeper for sensory information
Hypothalamus
- Maintain homeostasis
Pituitary Gland
- Secrete hormones
What does the brainstem contain??
Midbrain
- connect brainstem to cortex
Pons
- Connect cerebrum to cerebellum + medulla
- Transmit sensory information to brain from periphery
Medulla Oblongata
- Continuous with Spinal Cord
> Pyramid (center)
> Olive (lateral)
What part of the brain does the following:
* Coordination of voluntary
movement
* Controls balance and
equilibrium
* Integrates proposed movement
with current body position
* Monitors and makes
adjustments to correct motor
plan
Cerebellum
What does the spinal cord consist of?
White matter
Grey matter
White matter
- Periphery
- Longitudinal Tracts of Axons
> Sensory (to brain)
> Motor (from brain)
Grey matter
- Central “H”
-Contains
> Neuron Cell bodies
> Glial Cell Bodies - Dorsal Horn = Sensory
- Ventral Horn = Motor
What are Ventricles?
Large fluid (CSF) filled cavities in the brain
also, produce CSF which surrounds brain and spinal cord within the subarachnoid space
What are the parts of the ventricles?
3 parts:
- Lateral ventricle(x2)
> anterior, inferior and posterior horns
3rd ventricle
>interventricular foramen, cerebral aqueduct
4th ventricle
>continuous with central canal of SC
What are the Brain/Spinal Cord Meninges (wrappings)
- Dura Mater (blue banana
- Arachnoid Mater (Green spider)
- Pia Mater (red spray paint)