27 morph Flashcards
inflamm and demyelination of spinal n. roots and peripheral nn. (radiculoneuropathy)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
ab and t cell response
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
- Chronic Inflamm. Demyelinating Poly(radiculo)neuropathy
Recurrent demyelination, remyelination, and Schwann cell proliferation that leads to onion bulbs
Chronic Inflamm. Demyelinating Poly(radiculo)neuropathy
=excessive prolif=Schwann cells wrap around an axon like layers of an onion
fibrosis/thickening of endo/perineural sheath
- lepromatous leprosy
- tuberculoid leprosy
Tomaculi: Swollen, bulbous myelin sheaths at the end of internodes.
Hereditary Neuropathy with Pressure Palsy
perifascicular atrophy
dermatomyositis
Tubuloreticular endothelial cell inclusions (type I IFN response).
dermatomyositis
Abnormal cytoplasmic inclusions (rimmed vacuoles)
Inclusion Body Myositis
Aggregation of whorled, lamellar membranous structures (curvilinear bodies).
Toxic Myopathies (progressive m weakness)
- Chronic mm. damage outpaces the repair capacity.
- Segmental myofiber degeneration and regeneration
- –> mm. is replaced by collagen and fat cells (‘fatty replacement’).
- Remaining myofibers vary in size (small/atrophic to large/hypertrophied) => distorted fascicular architecture
X-linked Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne & Becker MD)
Abnormal aggregates of mitochondria seen in the subsarcolemmal area of affected myofibers of skeletal mm. (‘ragged red fibers’)
Mitochondrial Myopathies
Phonograph records: abnormal mitochondria with concentric membranous rings.
Mitochondrial Myopathies
Rhomboid para-crystalline inclusions
Mitochondrial Myopathies
o Antoni A areas: admixture of dense areas
o Antoni B areas: admixture of loose areas (hypocellular)
schwannoma
cells: presence of a spindled, elongated nucleus w a wavy or buckled shape
schwannoma
