2.6 Network Configurations (IP, DNS, IPv4, etc.)

Question 1

What are the common types of IP addressing?

Answer 1

Static, Dynamic, APIPA, Link Local.

Question 2

What is a static IP address?

Answer 2

It is a manually set IP address that will NOT change.

Question 3

What is a dynamic IP address?

Answer 3

An IP address that is requested and received AUTOMATICALLY. It can change from time to time, and isn’t always the same.

Question 4

What does APIPA stand for?

Answer 4

APIPA = Automatic Private IP Addressing.

Question 5

What is an APIPA address?

Answer 5

It is a feature of windows that automatically assigns an IP address to the system when the client cannot obtain an IP address automatically. It is an IPv4 address.

Question 6

What is a link-local address?

Answer 6

It is an IPv6 address that a computer gives itself when it first boots. IPv6’s equivalent to IPv4’s APIPA address.

Question 7

What is DNS?

Answer 7

A TCP/IP name resolution system that translates a host name into an IP address. Uses UDP port 53. Remember the 411 analogy to obtain dominoes phone number.

Question 8

Explain DHCP reservations.

Answer 8

You can set up DHCP servers to save IP addresses for specific functions such as servers or printers. These are called DHCP reservations. Typically, any servers have a reserved IP address.

Question 9

What is DHCP and what does it do?

Answer 9

DHCP is a protocol that enables client hosts to request and receive TCP/IP settings automatically from an appropriately configured server. Uses UDP ports 67 and 68.

Question 10

Explain the differences between IPv4 and IPv6.

Answer 10

An IPv4 address is made up of four octets of 8-bit binary numbers translated into their shorthand numeric values. An IPv6 address is 128 bits long, and can have letters up to F (16 digits).

Question 11

What is a subnet mask?

Answer 11

It is a value used in TCP/IP settings to divide the IP address of a host into its component parts; network ID and host ID.

Question 12

What is a gateway?

Answer 12

In a TCP/IP network, it is the nearest router to a particular host. This router’s IP address is part of the necessary TCP/IP configuration for communicating with multiple networks using IP.

Question 13

What does VPN stand for?

Answer 13

VPN = Virtual Private Network

Question 14

Explain what a VPN is.

Answer 14

An encrypted connection over the internet between a computer or remote network and a private network.

Question 15

What does VLAN stand for?

Answer 15

VLAN = Virtual Local Area Network

Question 16

What does VLAN do?

Answer 16

VLANs allow us to take the individual interfaces on a switch and separate them out into logical groups. We could accomplish the same thing by adding multiple physical switches and plugging people into their own physical switch, but instead of having all of that additional hardware, we can do all of that segmentation inside the switch itself. With VLANs, you’re effectively creating individual subnets for these different devices, just the same as if you had separate individual physical switches.

Question 17

What is NAT?

Answer 17

It is a means of translating a system’s IP address into another IP address before sending it out to a larger network. An NAT program is usually on a system or router. A network using NAT provides the systems on the network with private IP addresses.