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Medical Terminology > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ovaries

A

pair of almond shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity. Egg cells are formed and stored in the ovaries

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2
Q

ovum (pl. ova)

A

female egg cell

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3
Q

graafian follicles

A

100,000 microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. each follicle contains an immature ovum. Normally one graafian follicle develops to maturity every month between puberty and menopause. It moves to the surface of the ovary and releases the ovum, which passes into the uterine tube.

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4
Q

uterine or fallopian tubes

A

pair of tubes, attached to the uterus, that provide a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus

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5
Q

fimbria (pl fimbriae)

A

finger like projection at the end of the uterine tube

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6
Q

uterus

A

pear shaped/sized muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it is in the abdominal cavity. Its functions are menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

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7
Q

endometrium

A

inner lining of the uterus

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8
Q

myometrium

A

muscular middle layer of the uterus

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9
Q

perimetrium

A

outer thin layer that covers the surface of the uterus

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10
Q

corpus. or body

A

large central portion of the uterus

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11
Q

fundus

A

rounded upper portion of the uterus

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12
Q

cervix (CX)

A

narrow lower portion of the uterus

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13
Q

vagina

A

a 3 inch tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body

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14
Q

hymen

A

fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina

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15
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

pouch between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum

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16
Q

Batholin glands

A

pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina and just above the vaginal opening

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17
Q

mammary glands, or breasts

A

pair of milk producing glands of the female. Each breast consists of 15 to 20 divisions, or lobes

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18
Q

mammary papilla

A

breat nipple

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19
Q

areola

A

pigmented area around the breast nipple

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20
Q

vulva, or external genitalia

A

two pairs of lips that surround the vagina

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21
Q

clitoris

A

highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra

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22
Q

perineum

A

pelvic floor in both male and female. In females it usually refers to the area between the vaginal opening and the anus

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23
Q

arche/o

A

first, beginning

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24
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix

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25
Q

colp/o, vagin/o

A

vagina

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26
Q

culd/o

A

cul-de-sac

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27
Q

episi/o, vulv/o

A

vulva

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28
Q

gynec/o, gyn/o

A

woman

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29
Q

hymen/o

A

hymen

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30
Q

hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i

A

uterus

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31
Q

mamm/o, mast/o

A

breast

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32
Q

men/o

A

menstruation

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33
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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34
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

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35
Q

salping/o

A

uterine tube

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36
Q

peri-

A

surronding (outer)

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37
Q

-atresia

A

absence of a normal body opening; occlusion; closure

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38
Q

-salpinx

A

uterine tube

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39
Q

amenorrhea (a-men-o-RE-a)

A

absence of menstrual discharge

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40
Q

Bartholin adenitis (BAR-to-lin ad-e-NI-tis)

A

inflammation of the Bartholin gland

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41
Q

cervicitis (ser-vi-SI-tis)

A

inflammation of the cervix

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42
Q

colpitis, vaginitis (kol-PI-tis, vaj-i-NI-tis)

A

inflammation of the vagina

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43
Q

dysmenorrhea (dis-men-o-RE-a)

A

painful menstrual discharge

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44
Q

endocervicitis (en-do-ser-vi-SI-tis)

A

inflammation of the inner (linning) of the cervix

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45
Q

endometritis (en-do-me-TRI-tis)

A

inflammation of the inner (linning) of the uterus (endometrium)

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46
Q

hematosalpinx (hem-a-to-SAL-pinks)

A

blood in the uterine tubes

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47
Q

hydrosalpinx (hi-dro-SAL-pinks)

A

water in the uterine tube

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48
Q

hysteratresia (his-ter-a-TRE-zha)

A

closure of the uterus

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49
Q

mastitis (mas-TI-tis)

A

inflammation of the breast

50
Q

menometrorrhagia (men-o-met-ro-RA-jea)

A

rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation

51
Q

menorrhagia (men-o-RA-jea)

A

rapid flow of blood at menstruation

52
Q

metrorrhagia (me-tro-RA-jea)

A

rapid flow of blood from the uterus between menstrual cycles

53
Q

myometritis (mi-o-me-TRI-tis)

A

inflammation of the uterine muscle

54
Q

oligomenorrhea (ol-i-go-men-o-RE-a)

A

scanty menstrual flow

55
Q

oophoritis (o-of-o-RI-tis)

A

inflammation of the ovary

56
Q

perimetritis (per-i-me-TRI-tis)

A

inflammation surrounding the uterus

57
Q

pyosalpinx (pi-o-SAL-pinks)

A

pus in the uterine tube

58
Q

salpingitis (sal-pin-JI-tis)

A

inflammation of the uterine tube

59
Q

salpingocele (sal-PING-go-sel)

A

hernia of the uterine tube

60
Q

vulvoaginitis (vul-vo-vaj-i-NI-tis)

A

inflammation of the vulva and vagina

61
Q

adenomyosis (ad-e-no-mi-O-sis)

A

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

62
Q

breast cancer

A

malignant tumor of the breast

63
Q

cervical cancer (ser-vi-kal KAN-cer)

A

malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cellular dysplasia to carcinoma. Its cause is linked to human papilomavirus (HPV) infection

64
Q

endometrial cancer (en-do-ME-tre-al Kan-car)

A

malignant tumor of the endometrium

65
Q

endometriosis (en-do-me-tre-O-sis)

A

abnormal growth in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas of the pelvic cavity

66
Q

fibrocystic breast disease (fi-bro-SIS-tik di-ZEZ)

A

a disorder characterized by one or more benign cysts in the breast.

67
Q

fibroid tumor (FI-broyd TU-mor)

A

benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle

68
Q

ovarian cancer (o-VAR-e-an KAN-cer)

A

malignant tumor of the ovary

69
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

inflammation of the female pelvic organs that can be caused by many different pathogens

70
Q

prolapsed uterus (PRO-lapsed U-ter-us)

A

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina

71
Q

toxic shock syndrome (TSS) (TOK-sik shok SIN-drom)

A

a severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea and myalagia followed by hypotension and in severe cases shock and death

72
Q

vesicovaginal fistula (ves-i-ko-VAJ-i-nal FIS-tu-la)

A

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina

73
Q

cervicectomy (ser-vi-SEK-to-me)

A

excision of the cervix

74
Q

colpoperineorrhaphy (kol-po-per-i-ne-OR-a-fe)

A

suture of the vagina and perineum

75
Q

colpoplasty (KOL-po-plas-te)

A

surgical repair of the vagina

76
Q

colporrhaphy (kol-POR-a-fe)

A

suture of the wall of the vagina

77
Q

episioperineoplasty (e-piz-e-o-per-i-NE-o-plas-te)

A

surgical repair of the vulva and perineum

78
Q

episiorrhaphy (e-piz-e-OR-a-fe)

A

suture of a tear in the vulva

79
Q

hymenectomy (hi-men-EK-to-me)

A

excision of the hymen

80
Q

hymenotomy (hi-men-OT-o-me)

A

incision of the hymen

81
Q

hysterectomy (his-te-REK-to-me)

A

excision of the uterus

82
Q

hysteropexy (HIS-ter-o-pek-se)

A

surgical fixation of the uterus

83
Q

hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy (his-ter-o-sal-ping-go-o-of-o-REK-to-me)

A

excision of the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries

84
Q

mammoplasty (MAM-o-plas-te)

A

surgical repair of the breast

85
Q

mastectomy (mas-TEK-to-me)

A

surical removal of the breast

86
Q

mastopexy (MAS-to-pexy)

A

surigcal repair of the breast

87
Q

oophorectomy (o-of-o-REK-to-me)

A

excision of an ovary

88
Q

perineorrhaphy (per-i-ne-OR-a-fe)

A

suture of a tear in the perineum

89
Q

salpingectomy (sal-pin-JEK-to-me)

A

excision of a uterine tube

90
Q

salpingo-oophorectomy (sal-ping-go-o-of-o-REK-to-me)

A

excision of the uterine tube and ovary

91
Q

salpingostomy (sal-ping-GOS-to-me)

A

creation of an artifical opening in a uterine tube

92
Q

vulvectomy (vul-VEK-to-me)

A

excision of the vulva

93
Q

anterior and posterior colporrhahphy (A&P repair)

A

surgical repair if a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele and a rectocele

94
Q

conization (kon-i-ZA-shun)

A

surigcal removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix

95
Q

dilaition and curettage (D&C) (di-LA-shun ku-re-TAHZH)

A

dilation of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium with an instrument called a curette. It is performed to diagnose disese, to correct bleeding, and to empty uterine contents, such as tissue remaining after a miscarriage

96
Q

endometrial ablation (en-do-ME-tre-al ab-LA-shun)

A

a procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding

97
Q

laparoscopy or laparoscopic surgery

A

visual examination of the abdominal cavity

98
Q

myomectomy (mi-o-MEK-to-me)

A

excision of a fibroid tumor from the uterus

99
Q

sentinel lymph node biopsy

A

an injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph nodes

100
Q

stereotactic breast biopsy

A

a technique that combines mammography and computer assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

101
Q

tubal ligation

A

closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by tying

102
Q

uterine artery embolization

A

minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids of the uterus by blocking arteries that supply blood to the fibroids.

103
Q

hysterosalpingogram (his-ter-o-sal-PING-go-gram)

A

radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes

104
Q

mammogram (MAM-o-gram)

A

radiographic image of the breast

105
Q

mammography (ma-MOG-ra-fe)

A

radiograhic imagining of the breast

106
Q

sonohysterography (son-o-his-ter-OG-ra-fe)

A

process of recording the uterus by use of sound

107
Q

colposcope (KOL-po-skop)

A

instrument used for visual examination of the vagina

108
Q

colposcopy (kol-POS-ko-pe)

A

visual examination of the vagina

109
Q

culdoscope (KUL-do-skop)

A

instrument used for visual examination of the douglas cul-de-sac

110
Q

culdoscopy (kul-DOS-ko-pe)

A

visual examination of douglas cul-de-sac

111
Q

hysteroscope (HIS-ter-o-skop)

A

instrument used for the visual examination of the uterus

112
Q

hysteroscopy (his-ter-OS-ko-pe)

A

visual examination of the uterus

113
Q

culdocentesis (kul-do-sen-TE-sis)

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from Douglas cul-de-sac

114
Q

gynecologist (gin-ek-OL-o-jist)

A

a physician who studies and treats diseases of women

115
Q

gynecology

A

study of women

116
Q

gynopathic

A

pertaining to disease of women

117
Q

leukorrhea

A

white discharge from the vagina

118
Q

mastalgia

A

pain in the breast

119
Q

mastoptosis

A

sagging breast

120
Q

menarche

A

beginning of menstruation

121
Q

vaginal

A

pertaining to the vagina

122
Q

vulvovaginal

A

pertaining to the vulva and vagina

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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