2430 Exam

Question 1

What is the difference between the placenta and the uterus?

Answer 1

The placenta is known as the “organ of pregnancy” and the uterus provides a site for fetal development.

Question 2

which pregnancy organ allows gas exchange between mom and the baby?

Answer 2

the placenta

Question 3

What is the name of the transition after delivery when the newborn begins to breathe air on its own?

Answer 3

Extrauterine life

Question 4

When assessing children, when do you assess the painful area?

Answer 4

last

Question 5

What is kyphosis?

Answer 5

upper back curvature

Question 6

What is Scoliosis?

Answer 6

S curvature of the spine

Question 7

What is Lordosis?

Answer 7

Lower back curvature

Question 8

What are most emotional and medical problems for children a result of?

Answer 8

neglect

Question 9

What is the difference between child abuse, neglect, and abandonment?

Answer 9

Abuse represents an action against a child (physical/mental injury)
Neglect represents a lack of action (failure to meet basic needs)
Abandonment - left the child

Question 10

What is the gestational period of pregnancy?

Answer 10

38-40 weeks

Question 11

What has been the largest cause of preterm births in the US?

Answer 11

Narcotic use

Question 12

If the parent says there is something wrong with the child, you should???

Answer 12

believe them. The parents know how the child is supposed to be acting.

Question 13

What is stenosis?

Answer 13

narrowing of the blood vessels.

Question 14

What is the difference between human trafficking and sexual exploitation?

Answer 14

Exploitation is for self use. Human trafficking is sending a person for others to use and for the trafficker to gain money

Question 15

What happens to a mothers GI tract during pregnancy?

Answer 15

Moves slower which may lead to constipation or trouble emptying the stomach.

Question 16

What is peristalsis?

Answer 16

series of involuntary wave like muscle contractions which move food along the digestive tract.

Question 17

What is one of the factors that stimulates a newborns first breath?

Answer 17

hypoxia. Expect the newborn to be slightly blue.

Question 18

Where is a pulse assessed in a newborn/child?

Answer 18

brachial pulse. Easiest to palpate.

Question 19

What is the most common sensory change for the elderly?

Answer 19

Lose their vision and hearing. can lead to falls.

Question 20

What is specialized care for people in the end stages of living called? ex. renal failure

Answer 20

comfort care/palliative care. These patients receive comfort care only. No advanced care is provided.

Question 21

Medical term for pregnant

Answer 21

gravida

Question 22

Medical term for deliveries?

Answer 22

Para

Question 23

If a newborn remains blue in its trunk, what is it called?

Answer 23

centralized cyanosis.

Question 24

What is the difference between epiglottitis and croup?

Answer 24

Epiglottitis is a bacterial infection of the upper airway accompanied by high fever and inflammation of the epiglottis. Child has trouble speaking, drools, cant fully open mouth.
Croup is a viral infection. Low grade fever. Barking cough, fever, hoarseness, labored or noisy breathing.

Question 25

What are elderly people who can maintain muscle mass less likely to get?

Answer 25

arthritis

Question 26

People in hospice or with a terminal illness usually call ems with something related to???

Answer 26

pain or if the issue has gotten worse.

Question 27

When can a female become pregnant?

Answer 27

after their first menstral period.

Question 28

What is the most common cause of bradycardia in infants?

Answer 28

hypoventilation and hypoxia. Second most common cause is hypothermia.

Question 29

Most kids are predominantly what kind of breathers?

Answer 29

nose breathers due to large tongue size.

Question 30

Newborn breathing rate is 40-60 times/min, normally can hear them make what sound when breathing?

Answer 30

grunting

Question 31

What should be considered when assessing geriatrics?

Answer 31

social environment. often afraid of losing their independence.

Question 32

Which population is more likely to delay calling EMS?

Answer 32

Poverty stricken/low income people.

Question 33

What is something that should be considered when dealing with a female in labor with a hx of c-sections?

Answer 33

try not to deliver in the field. can cause a uterine rupture

Question 34

What is the purpose of drying off the infant after birth?

Answer 34

keep them warm. Unable to regulate temperature yet.

Question 35

Normal HR range for anyone past puberty? 11-12yr and up.

Answer 35

60-80

Question 36

Normal HR for infant:

Answer 36

140-160

Question 37

normal HR for toddler

Answer 37

120-140

Question 38

Normal HR for school aged child:

Answer 38

100-120

Question 39

What could be the cause of an acute onset of ripping or tearing sensation in the chest or abdomen?

Answer 39

dissecting aneurysms. More common in tall thin males.

Question 40

When do you contact CPS or adult protective services?

Answer 40

when you suspect abuse. required by law.

Question 41

What happens generally with each subsequent pregnancy/labor?

Answer 41

faster delivery on average.

Question 42

When is an APGAR score obtained?

Answer 42

1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.

Question 43

What does APGAR stand for?

Answer 43

appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respirations

Question 44

Why are kids prone to hypothermia and hyperthermia?

Answer 44

cannot regulate their temperature as well and because they have low fat stores.

Question 45

What is an issue with high blood pressure in pregnancy?

Answer 45

pre-eclampsia/eclampsia

Question 46

Above what systolic pressure is pre-eclampsia?

Answer 46

140

Question 47

What medication is given to treat a seizure due to eclampsia?

Answer 47

mag

Question 48

What is the difference between pre-eclampsia and cardiomyopathy in pregnant females?

Answer 48

Eclampsia is treated with Mag and will present with elevated blood pressure. Cardiomyopathy associated with obesity and normal BP in pregnancy.

Question 49

What is needed to give fluid to a pedi?

Answer 49

weight.

Question 50

What is the formula for a fluid bolus for a pediatric patient?

Answer 50

20ml x weight

Question 51

If you dont know the weight of the child, how can it be estimated?

Answer 51

2x age +8 = approximate weight in Kg.

Question 52

What is a complication of constipation in pregnancy?

Answer 52

Sepsis from bowel obstruction

Question 53

Cool, pale, clammy, HTN, and fluid in the lungs are all s/s of what?

Answer 53

CHF

Question 54

What are S/S of pneumonia?

Answer 54

warm to the touch, fluid in the lungs. Temp is the major differentiator between CHF and pneumonia.

Question 55

What is the first step when dealing with a seizure due to high blood pressure?

Answer 55

need to stop the seizure first.

Question 56

What needs to be done for a healthy newborn who becomes bradycardic?

Answer 56

recheck airway and temp. airway and temp are the most common causes of newborn bradycardia.

Question 57

How often are vitals rechecked for critical patients?

Answer 57

every 5 minutes.

Question 58

What is likely the issue with an elderly patient who wakes up in the middle of the night and feels like they are drowning?

Answer 58

Early sign of CHF and pulmonary edema called paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Question 59

When mag doesnt work to stop a seizure in a pregnant patient, what is the next step?

Answer 59

benzo

Question 60

Where does the pulse oximetry device go on a newborn?

Answer 60

right hand . Right hand is closest to the brachial artery after branching directly off the aorta.

Question 61

What should the SPO2 % for a newborn be 10 minutes after birth?

Answer 61

85-95%. This is after the ductus arteriosus valve closes.

Question 62

Why do some people call 911 rather than transport themselves to the ED?

Answer 62

think they will be seen faster if they go by ambulance.

Question 63

If the patient looks like she has gone into hemorrhagic shock during delivery, she may have a???

Answer 63

ruptured uterus. maintain radial pulse with fluid. keep mom alive.

Question 64

What is the first drug and dose given during pediatric CPR?

Answer 64

Epi 0.1mg/kg 1:10,000.

Question 65

How should a child be transported to the hospital in the ambulance if possible?

Answer 65

car seat

Question 66

What should be considered early for patients above 12 with pulmonary edema?

Answer 66

CPAP

Question 67

What is the order of operations for suctioning a newborn?

Answer 67

mouth first then nose

Question 68

What is usually the cause of a viral wheezing infection?

Answer 68

bronchiolitis. Common in toddlers. inflammation of the small airways.

Question 69

What is usually the issue when a patient has wheezing not associated with infection?

Answer 69

asthma

Question 70

What are the signs and symptoms of a UTI and how is it treated?

Answer 70

urinary frequency, burning when urinating, fever, abdominal pain, cloudy urine. Treat sepsis that may result from UTI.

Question 71

what is the difference between abuptio placenta and placenta previa?

Answer 71

abruptio placenta - minimal vaginal bleeding, rigid abdomen, severe abdominal pain, signs and symptoms of shock, pain does not cease. Placenta previa - paleness; occurs without warning, heavy vaginal bleeding, usually bright red blood.

Question 72

What can happen if you hyperventilate a newborn?

Answer 72

increase intrathoracic pressure and decrease preload.

Question 73

what should be done when immobilizing a pediatric patient?

Answer 73

pad beneath the shoulders.

Question 74

What is usually the issue with a patient who has missed dialysis?

Answer 74

fluid overload.

Question 75

What is usually the issue with a renal patient who has an issue after dialysis?

Answer 75

electrolyte depletion.

Question 76

what is the fluid dose for pediatrics?

Answer 76

20ml/kg

Question 77

What is something that should be considered with a patient on new medication who only wants to sleep?

Answer 77

medication may be over sedating them

Question 78

What should be done with a nuchal chord?

Answer 78

slip the chord over the neck. if that doesnt work, clamp and cut. make sure there is no pulse between the clamps before you cut.

Question 79

What should be checked if a newborn remains inactive after stimulation?

Answer 79

check BGL. Newborns 40 BGL, kids, 60 BGL, adults 80 BGL.

Question 80

What happens as pacemaker patients age?

Answer 80

pacemaker doesnt work as well. may develop bradycardia

Question 81

What is hydrocephalus?

Answer 81

extra fluid in the brain.

Question 82

How is hydrocephalus treated and what are common complications?

Answer 82

shunt from the back of the skull to the abdomen. Shunt can become occluded and cause seizures.

Question 83

What are the signs and symptoms of meningitis?

Answer 83

fever and stiff neck

Question 84

What does suckling do for the mother?

Answer 84

releases oxytocin to help the uterus to contract?

Question 85

What should be done for a pediatric patient with a HR below 60?

Answer 85

start CPR

Question 86

What should be done early to prevent bradycardia in pediatric patients?

Answer 86

Early O2 and temperature control.

Question 87

What are signs of autism?

Answer 87

withdrawn, moaning sounds

Question 88

What should be done as the mom starts crowning?

Answer 88

support the babys head and assist with delivery.

Question 89

what is the most common cause for not having chest rise with BVM?

Answer 89

poor airway seal

Question 90

What should you be concerned about with a pediatric patient with a blank stare?

Answer 90

could be petit mal seziure (absence seizure)

Question 91

What can happen with a basilar skull fracture?

Answer 91

can result in cardiac arrest almost immediately.

Question 92

Signs and symptoms of muscular dystrophy?

Answer 92

instability, frequent falls.

Question 93

Pregnant woman with a peritoneal laceration?

Answer 93

Mom needs to go to the hospital for repair.

Question 94

First steps with unresponsive child?

Answer 94

look to ventilate and suction the child.

Question 95

What are brown secretion in the trachea a sign of?

Answer 95

meconium aspirations. need suction and intubation. sign of fetal distress.

Question 96

Pts who get tube feeding in nursing home can aspirate the food into lungs and get pneumonia if?

Answer 96

they are laid down too flat in bed.

Question 97

If a baby is crowning and a thick white membrane over the babys head is present, what should be done?

Answer 97

Amniotic sack is still intact. Gently tear with two fingers.

Question 98

If mom has delivered twins, what is something that should be considered?

Answer 98

need three ambulances if something is wrong with both kids. 3 possible patients.

Question 99

If you intubate a newborn and they are difficult to bag, what should be checked?

Answer 99

pneumothorax

Question 100

Order of operations for issues bagging intubated newborn:

Answer 100

D: displaced tube O: obstructed tube P: Pneumothorax E: equipment

Question 101

dextrose concentration for babies under 1:

Answer 101

D10

Question 102

Dextrose concentration for 1-12y olds

Answer 102

d25

Question 103

Dextrose concentration for people over the age of 12?

Answer 103

D50

Question 104

How could you make D10 from D50?

Answer 104

diluting with saline at 5:1 ratio.