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Paramedic Class 27 > 1338 Exam > Flashcards

1338 Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is normal pH in the body?

A

7.35 - 7.45

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2
Q

What pH range is considered an acidosis?

A

7.35 and under

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3
Q

What pH range is considered an alkalosis?

A

7.45 and greater

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4
Q

What is quality assurance?

A

monitoring a particular procedure or a process in order to ensure that they are up to the expected levels of quality standards.

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5
Q

What does quality improvement refer to?

A

Refers to the techniques used by the organizations for continuous quality improvements.

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6
Q

Aspects of quality improvement

A

leadership, info, strategic planning, HR management
EMS process management
EMS system results
Satisfaction

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7
Q

High potassium

A

Hyperkalemia

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8
Q

Low potassium

A

Hypokalemia

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9
Q

High Calcium

A

Hypercalcemia

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10
Q

Low Calcium

A

Hypocalcemia

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11
Q

What are the physiological stressors?

A

Stressor, Eustress, Distress, Burnout.

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12
Q

Stressor

A

a stimulus that causes stress

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13
Q

Eustress

A

Good stress; ex. seeing loved one for 1st time in years

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14
Q

Distress

A

Bad stress; negative effects

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15
Q

Burnout

A

Extreme endpoint of stress.

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16
Q

Anxiety disorder that develops following exposure to traumatic events

A

PTSD

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17
Q

Where is Epi made in the body?

A

Adrenal gland - adrenocorticotropic hormone

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18
Q

Hormone made by the pituitary gland that controls the production of the hormone Cortisol and Epi

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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19
Q

Where is cortisol made in the body?

A

adrenal glands

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20
Q

What does BSI refer to?

A

Refers to the type of PPE that should be worn.

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21
Q

Gloves, masks, eyewear, n95, gowns, resuscitation equipment, and hand washing supplies all constitute:

A

PPE

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22
Q

PPE for TB exposure:

A

Must wear HEPA/N95 mask

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23
Q

PPE recommendations come from:

A

the CDC

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24
Q

Standard precautions (PPE)

A

Blood and body fluid precautions

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25
Q

BSI:

A

Body substance isolation

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26
Q

Reasonably careful man performing similar duties and under the same circumstances, would act in the same manner.

A

Due Regard

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27
Q

Points of consideration taken in to account by courts when determining due regard:

A

Was it reasonably necessary to use the signaling equipment, given the circumstances?
Was the signaling equipment actually used?
Was the signal audible and/or visible to motorists and pedestrians?

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28
Q

Exercise reduces levels of the body stress hormones, such as:

A

Adrenaline and Cortisol

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29
Q

Exercise also stimulates the production of ____, chemicals in the brain that are the body natural pain killers and mood elevators.

A

endorphines

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30
Q

The granting of permission to treat and touch

A

consent

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31
Q

Type of consent called emergency doctrine; unconscious; this stops whenever pt regains competence or no longer needs care.

A

Implied consent

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32
Q

Type of consent given based on full disclosure of info; most refusals fall into this category.

A

Informed consent

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33
Q

Consent that directly grants permission to treat; verbal/nonverbal/writing most common.

A

Expressed consent

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34
Q

Consent in which the police or power of attorney make decisions for the patient.

A

Involuntary consent

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35
Q

prevents lawsuits on the front end; completed promptly

A

Documentation

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36
Q

addition or supplement to the original report

A

addendum

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37
Q

Known as “moral philosophy” and addresses what is right/wrong in conduct

A

ethics

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38
Q

Preauthorized protocols are called

A

standing orders

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39
Q

More explicit and specific in detail than guidelines; in that they specify who does ‘what,’ ‘when,’ and ‘how.’

A

Protocols

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40
Q

Common type of advance directive signed by patient and their representative

A

DNR

41
Q

Who can rescind DNR on scene?

A

Family

42
Q

Legislative law. Law created by lawmaking bodies

A

Statutory law

43
Q

Administrative law; enacted by admin or government agency. Ex. OSHA

A

Regulatory Law

44
Q

Example of regulatory law body. (regulatory compliance group.)

A

Texas Department of State Health Services

45
Q

Case law; adaptive laws to meet customs and norms.

A

Common law

46
Q

Crime and punishment; violations against society; prison/fine

A

Criminal law

47
Q

noncriminal issues (personal injury, contract disputes, and matrimonial issues)

A

Civil law

48
Q

Person in court who is the recipient of the complaint

A

Defendant

49
Q

Person in court who has made the complaint.

A

Plaintiff

50
Q

Civil wrongdoing committed by 1 person to another; ex. negligence, medical malpractice, assault, battery, and slander.

A

Tort law

51
Q

Unlawfully placing a person in apprehension (fear) of immediate bodily harm without consent. (verbal threat)

A

Assault

52
Q

Unlawful touching of another individual without consent.

A

Battery

53
Q

Need ____ for assault, stabbing, and GSW calls.

A

Police

54
Q

recognition granted to an individual who has met predetermined qualifications

A

Certification

55
Q

process used to regulate occupations

A

license

56
Q

What to use to decontaminate directly after TB exposure:

A

Medium level disinfectant. Cleaning w/ disinfecting agent directly on surfaces.

57
Q

PPE used for TB (all of it, not just mask)

A

gloves, masks, eyewear, n95, gowns, resuscitation equipment, hand washing supplies.

58
Q

What is the most important piece of PPE for TB?

A

Mask

59
Q

the amount of blood delivered to the heart during diastole; defined as tension of cardiac muscle fiber at the end of diastole; amount of blood coming into vena cava in right side.

A

Preload

60
Q

The resistance a contraction of the heart must overcome in order to eject blood; defined as the tension of cardiac muscle during systole; resistance in systemic system when left ventricle pumps

A

Afterload

61
Q

the amount of blood ejected by the heart in one contraction.

A

stroke volume

62
Q

What reduces your contact/chances of catching sickness compared to a mouth to mask?

A

BVM

63
Q

What kind of bone makes up your ribs?

A

flat bones

64
Q

Cation charge

A

positive

65
Q

anion charge

A

negative

66
Q

practices and procedures used to minimize disease

A

infection control practices

67
Q

Notify ____ If exposed to infection disease.

A

infectious control agency

68
Q

Only report ____ when documenting.

A

facts

69
Q

Report all ____ to police.

A

assaults

70
Q

KKK standards came from

A

DOT

71
Q

___ increases risk for injury.

A

weight

72
Q

If exposed to an infectious disease, notify ___.

A

infection control supervisor.

73
Q

____ based practice is how EMS advances

A

evidence

74
Q

Changing things to meet the new standards is an example of?

A

CQI

75
Q

Levels of EMS providers

A

EMR, EMT, AEMT, Paramedic

76
Q

Landmark paper that started organized pre-hospital care

A

1966 accidental death and disability: the neglected disease of modern society.

77
Q

Term that means not to discuss anything in a run report.

A

Confidentiality

78
Q

Organization that creates and produces tests for certification.

A

NREMT

79
Q

Airborne pathogens are blocked by

A

masks

80
Q

It is difficult to get EMS ____ going.

A

research.

81
Q

Compensated shock (reversible)

A

Change in LOC, increased pulse and respirations, cool pale skin, normal to slightly increased BP (increase due to initial vasoconstriction.)

82
Q

Uncompensated shock (irreversible)

A

Decrease in LOC or unconscious, decreased HR, decreased respirations, Cyanosis, Hypotension.

83
Q

Neurogenic shock (spinal cord injury)

A

Warm dry flushed skin and normal capillary refill, neurologic deficit, change in respiratory pattern (diaphragm breathing), hypothermia, hypotension, HR normal or bradycardia.

84
Q

Most commonly injured part of the spine?

A

Cervical Vertebre

85
Q

What nerve controls the chest wall? (C2-C4)

A

Phrenic nerve.

86
Q

Anaphylactic Shock:

A

itching flushing hives, swelling of eyelids face and tongue, chest tightness (SOB and wheezing), severe dyspnea, abdominal cramps, N/V, diarrhea, tachycardia, hypotension.

87
Q

Causes immunoglobin E response which causes histamine release (dilates blood vessels and bronchoconstriction)

A

Antigen

88
Q

How are antigens introduced to the body?

A

injected, inhaled, transdermal, mucus membranes, ingested.

89
Q

Allergic reaction with only skin symptoms.

A

local reaction

90
Q

allergic reaction with airway symptoms but BP is normal.

A

Moderate reaction.

91
Q

Allergic reaction with low BP

A

Severe reaction

92
Q

How to treat local allergic reaction

A

benadryl

93
Q

how to treat moderate allergic reaction

A

SQ epi and benadryl

94
Q

how to treat severe allergic reaction

A

IV epi push, Benadryl, fluid bolus, steroids.

95
Q

Psychogenic shock

A

Fainting with no sign of serious injury or illness,
SOB,
anxious,
increased HR respirations and BP.
Respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation. Normal SpO2

96
Q

Septic shock

A

elevated temp initially
decreased temp late
petechaie
decreased LOC

97
Q

Septic shock

A

elevated temp initially
decreased temp late
petechaie
decreased LOC
creeping mottling
tachycardia and hypotensive from vasodilation
Treat with fluids and consider dopamine.

98
Q

Prehospital treatment for anaphylactic shock

A

fluids 20mg/kg total bolus
start w/ range of 250-500ml of fluid then evaluate pulses, lung sounds, LOC
For controlled bleeding maintain systolic BP of 90 palpable or total bolus
For uncontrolled bleeding total bolus of 20ml/kg or to maintain radial pulses - do not want to overfill vascular space because it will lead to more bleeding.

99
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

Dyspnea
rales
tachycardia and decreased BP
increased respirations, diaphoresis, and arrhythmias
increased blood volume in lungs and liver due to pump failures (CHF)
Treatment consider dopamine to increase bp 2-20mcg/kg/min

Paramedic Class 27 (11 decks)

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