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ATPL - BGS [Mod 1] Meteorology > 24. SIGMETS and AIRMETS > Flashcards

24. SIGMETS and AIRMETS Flashcards

1
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Identify the following as being either weather actual or weather forecasts;

  1. METAR [ ]
  2. TAF [ ]
  3. Synoptic Chart [ ]
  4. Significant Weather Chart [ ]
A
  1. METAR [WEATHER ACTUAL]
  2. TAF [WEATHER FORECAST]
  3. Synoptic Chart [WEATHER ACTUAL]
  4. Significant Weather Chart [WEATHER FORECAST]

  • REMEMBER
  • METAR - Actual at Runway
  • TAF - Forecast
  • SIGNificant Weather Chart - SIGN of things to come
  • Significant Weather Chart is known as SIGWX

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2
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What will a forecast have that a weather actual does not

A

PERIOD OF VALIDITY

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3
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Annex 3 to the ICAO agreement sets out the standards for weather reporting. Which organisation ensures that these standards are implemented for aviation

A

WOLRD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANISATION
(WMO)

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4
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

  1. What does WAF stand for
  2. What does WAFC stand for
A
  1. WORLD AREA FORECAST
  2. WORLD AREA FORECAST CENTRE

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5
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Where are the 2 ICAO sponsored WAFCs geographically located

A

UK and USA
(London and Washington)

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6
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What does NWP stand for

A

NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION
(NWP)

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7
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

“a model that uses a mathematical model of atmosphere and oceans to predict the weather based on current weather conditions. It uses a 3D grid of weather data, consisting of horizontal data (Lat and Long) and vertical data (Height or pressure)”

This is the definition of what type of weather prediction

A

NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION
(NWP)

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8
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Marry up the following reports to the definitions;

  1. Aerodrome actuals, which may include a TREND [ ]
  2. Aerodrome forecast [ ]
  3. Warnings of significant weather [ ]
  4. Special reports [ ]
  5. Information for low level flights [ ]

====

  • GAMET & AIRMET
  • SPECIs
  • METAR
  • TAF
  • SIGMET
A
  1. Aerodrome actuals, which may include a TREND [METAR]
  2. Aerodrome forecast [TAF]
  3. Warnings of significant weather [SIGMET]
  4. Special reports [SPECI]
  5. Information for low level flights [GAMET & AIRMET]

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9
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What is the key difference between a SIGMET and a SIGWX

A

SIGMET - Severe weather warning advisory
SIGWX - A forecast of most significant weather in a period of time

  • Where a SIGWX chart can be used to plan a journey base don forecasts of weather, a SIGMET is likely to be issued when already enroute to warn about a significant weather phenomenon. For example, Severe icing or turbulance

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10
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What does AFTN stand for

A

AERONAUTICAL FIXED TELECOMNICATIONS NETWORK
(AFTN)

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11
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What does MOTNE stand for

A

METEOROLOGICAL OPERATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK EUROPE
(MOTNE)

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12
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What does MIST stand for

A

METEROLOGICAL INFORMATION STANDARD TERMINAL
(MIST)

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13
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Where can detailed weather information in text or fax form be obtained;

[ ] AFTN
[ ] MOTNE
[ ] MIST
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] GAMET

A

[X] AFTN
[ ] MOTNE
[ ] MIST
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] GAMET

  • Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network

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14
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Text based Met information in Europe is distributed on the AFTN by which network;

[ ] MOTNE
[ ] MIST
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] GAMET

A

[X] MOTNE
[ ] MIST
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] GAMET

  • Meterological Operational Telecommunications Network Europe

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15
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Access to a full met service for national and international flights can be obtained online through which means;

[ ] AFTN
[ ] MOTNE
[ ] MIST
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] GAMET

A

[ ] AFTN
[ ] MOTNE
[X] MIST
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] GAMET

  • Meterological Information Standard Terminal

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16
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

The meterological authority will provide special route forecasts if required. ICAO rules require this information be supplied ASAP or WITHIN 1 HR or WITHIN 3 HRS of it becoming available. It must be supplied no later than 1 HR or 2 HRS or 3 HRS before departure

A
  1. ASAP
  2. 3 HRS

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17
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Weather information obtained in flight broadcast on HF and VHF and repeats the current METAR and SPECI is known as what;

[ ] SIGMET
[ ] GAMET
[ ] VOLMET
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] TAF
[ ] SPECI

A

[ ] SIGMET
[ ] GAMET
[X] VOLMET
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] TAF
[ ] SPECI

  • The term VOLMET is derived from the French word “vol” (flight) and meteo (weather)
  • VOLMET is in flight
  • REMEMBER the French word “voila!

5

18
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Through what methods could a pilot obtain routine weather information in flight;

[ ] VOLMET
[ ] SIGMET
[ ] SPECI
[ ] AIRMET
[ ] ACARS
[ ] ATIS

A

[X] VOLMET
[ ] SIGMET
[ ] SPECI
[ ] AIRMET
[X] ACARS
[X] ATIS

  • VOLMET - HF and VHF broadcast of weather, where VOLMET means IN FLIGHT WEATHER
  • ACARS - Aircraft Communications, Addressing and Reporting System - information can be pased from ATC to the aircraft
  • ATIS - Automatic Terminal Information Service, broadcasts the current weather actual at a local aerodrome

5

19
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

How frequently will ATIS information be re-issued

A

30 MIN

OR;

ANY OTHER CHANGE WARRANTS IT

  • METARS will be issued every 30 minutes, ATIS will be updated
  • If there is a significant change in weather i.e. wind gusts etc.. this may merrit the update of the ATIS

5

20
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

  1. An AIRMET or SIGMET is issued for weather that may affect aircraft safety
  2. An AIRMET or SIGMET affect the safety of all aircraft
A
  1. AIRMET
  2. SIGMET

AIRMET v SIGMET

6

21
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Which defines a SIGMET, which defines an AIRMET

  1. Routinely issued by each FIR (MWO) relating to cruising levels generally above FL100 [ ]
  2. Warnings specifically for traffic in the lower levels, nromally up to FL100 but up to FL150 or higher in mountainous regions [ ]
A
  1. SIGMET
  2. AIRMET

  • THINK SIGMET is SIGNIFICANTLY high

7/8

22
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

For which of the following would an AIRMET be issued for;

[ ] Severe or extreme turbulance
[ ] IFR conditions
[ ] Mountain obscuration
[ ] Dust/sand storm (visibility less than 3 mi)
[ ] Volcanic ash
[ ] Moderate turbulance
[ ] Icing and freezing levels
[ ] Severe icing

A

[ ] Severe or extreme turbulance
[X] IFR conditions
[X] Mountain obscuration
[ ] Dust/sand storm (visibility less than 3 mi)
[ ] Volcanic ash
[X] Moderate turbulance
[X] Icing and freezing levels
[ ] Severe icing

AIRMET v SIGMET

6

23
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

For which of the following would an SIGMET be issued for;

[ ] Severe or extreme turbulance
[ ] IFR conditions
[ ] Mountain obscuration
[ ] Dust/sand storm (visibility less than 3 mi)
[ ] Volcanic ash
[ ] Moderate turbulance
[ ] Icing and freezing levels
[ ] Severe icing

A

[X] Severe or extreme turbulance
[ ] IFR conditions
[ ] Mountain obscuration
[X] Dust/sand storm (visibility less than 3 mi)
[X] Volcanic ash
[ ] Moderate turbulance
[ ] Icing and freezing levels
[X] Severe icing

AIRMET v SIGMET

6

24
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Marry up each of the surface visibility codes to the correct meaning;

  1. Haze [ ]
  2. Dust [ ]
  3. Smoke [ ]
  4. Sand [ ]
  5. Fog [ ]
  6. Mist [ ]
  7. Ice Pellets [ ]

====

BR, SA, FG, PL, FU, DU, HZ

A
  1. Haze [HZ]
  2. Dust [DU]
  3. Smoke [FU]
  4. Sand [SA]
  5. Fog [FG]
  6. Mist [BR]
  7. Ice Pellets [PL]

  • REMEMBER
  • Say “Fuck You” to smoking (FU)
  • Gorillias in the MIST was distributed by warner BRos

METAR CODES

8

25
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Marry up each of the surface visibility codes to the correct meaning;

  1. Freezing [ ]
  2. Blowing [ ]
  3. Shallow [ ]
  4. Banks [ ]
  5. Patches [ ]
  6. Ice Crystals [ ]
  7. Snow Grains [ ]

====

PR, BC, SG, FZ, BL, MI, IC

A
  1. Freezing [FZ]
  2. Blowing [BL]
  3. Shallow [MI]
  4. Banks [PR]
  5. Patches [BC]
  6. Ice Crystals [IC]
  7. Snow Grains [SG]

  • REMEMBER
  • The Miami Shallows (MI)
  • Banks sounds like PRanks
  • Patches of Broken Cloud (BC)

METAR CODES

8

26
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Marry up each of the surface visibility codes to the correct meaning;

  1. Sandstorm [ ]
  2. Dust storm [ ]
  3. Dust devils [ ]
  4. Unidentified precipitation [ ]
  5. Volcanic ash [ ]
  6. Squalls [ ]
  7. Drizzle [ ]

====

DZ, PO, UP, VA, SQ, SS, DS

A
  1. Sandstorm [SS]
  2. Dust storm [DS ]
  3. Dust devils [PO]
  4. Unidentified precipitation [UP]
  5. Volcanic ash [VA]
  6. Squalls [SQ]
  7. Drizzle [DZ]

  • REMEMBER
  • Poor Old Taz Devil

METAR CODES

8

27
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Decode the following SIGMET

EISN SIGMET 2 VALID 101200/101600 EINN-SHANNON FIR/UIR OBSC TS FCST S OF N54 TOP FL390 MOV E WKN

A
  • SIGMET Number 2
  • Valid on the 10th from 1200 to 1600
  • Issued for Shannon FIR/UIR (EISN)
  • Obscured Thunderstorms are forecast south of 54°N
  • Tops of up to FL390
  • Moving East and weakening

10

28
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

  1. What does AIREP stand for
  2. What does PIREP stand for

AIREP and PIREP are the same generalised format, with PIREP being an American equivilant to AIREP

A
  1. AIRCRACT REPORT
  2. PILOT REPORT

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29
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Refer to the following diagram. Which option represents fog at the surface

A

OPTION 2

  • The dew point and the temperature at the same from the surface level
  • This means that condensation is occuring at ground level

13

30
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

Refer to the following diagram. Which option represents a layer of stratus cloud

A

OPTION 3

  • The dew point is steadily getting closer to the temperature line
  • When the 2 meet, this represents clouds
  • It is only a thin layer before the 2 diverge
  • The temperature shows a marked increase, suggesting a temperature inversion
  • This would mean air below is not rising so it is stable, meaning layered cloud

13

31
Q

SIGMETS and AIRMETS

What does AMDAR stand for

A

AIRCRAFT METEROLOGICAL DATA RELAY

  • A satelite link from aircraft to WAFC to relay meterological information from the aircraft during flight
  • Report includes info on climb, cruis, descent

13

ATPL - BGS [Mod 1] Meteorology (27 decks)

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