03. Temperature Flashcards
Temperature
The amount the temperature of an object will go up when heat energy is added depends on what
MATERIAL OF OBJECT
1
Temperature
What is the unit of reference for heat energy
CALORIE
(CAL)
The amount of heat energy to raise 1gm of water by 1℃
- If you add 10 calories to 1gm of water, temperature will rise by 10℃
- If you add 10 calories to 100gm of water, temperature will rise by 0.1℃
2
Temperature
Land heats and cools more QUICKLY or SLOWLY compared to the sea
QUICKLY
- Sea stays at a more or less constant temperature
- Land will heat up and cool down more quickly
2
Temperature
What is the name given to the process of ice turning directly into a gas
SUBLIMINATION
3
Temperature
What is the name given to the process of gas turning directly into a ice
DESUBLIMATE
3
Temperature
What name is given to the process of water turning into ice
SOLIDIFYING
3
Temperature
What must be present in order for sublimation to take place
NUCLEI OR OBJECT
- Sublimnation will only occur if there is something present for the ice crystals to form on, either vegetation, existing ice crystals or small particles of atmospheric dus known as sublimation nuclei
4
Temperature
The effectiveness of a particle as a condensation nucleus is dependant on 1 of 2 states. A nucleus that is said to be water attracting is known as what
HYGROSCOPIC
5
Temperature
The effectiveness of a particle as a condensation nucleus is dependant on 1 of 2 states. A nucleus that is said to be water repelling is known as what
HYDROPHOBIC
5
Temperature
The process of sublimination or desublimation, melting, evaporating, condensing and solidifying are all changes of state. A change of state will always ____ or ____ energy
RELEASE or ABSORB
6
Temperature
What is insolation
HEATING OF EARTHS SURFACE BY THE SUN
- A measure of the solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time
- REMEMBER - inSOLation = same as SOLar
7
Temperature
“A measure of the solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time”
This is the definition of what
INSOLATION
- Heating of the earths surface by the sun
- REMEMBER - inSOLation = same as SOLar
7
Temperature
What is the average temperature in Kelvin of the radioative surface of the sun
5800 K
7
Temperature
The sun emits the most significant energy in what 2 bands
- ULTRAVIOLET
- INFRARED
7
Temperature
The sun emits smaller amounts of energy in what 4 bands
- RADIO
- MICROWAVE
- X-RAY
- GAMMA
7
Temperature
The time of the trip from the Sun to the earths surface of energy transmitted in bands
8 MIN
7
Temperature
Which layer of the atmosphere is responsible for absorbing most of the energy from ultraviolet rays
OZONE
8
Temperature
Where does the most intense surface heating of the earth occur and why
- EQUATOR
- SPREAD OF SOLAR RADIATION
- Earth is a sphere. Intensity of radiation arriving from the sun is the same whatever the angle it arrives at the earth however, the spread over the surface of the earth depends on the angle it arrives
- At the equator it does not have as much spread as where it arrives at higher latitudes
9
Temperature
When a mass absorbs radiation and its temperature increases, the amount of increase in temperature is dependant on the material the object is made of. The amount of heat it can change by is known by what
SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
- For any given quantity of heat energy that is absorbed by the Eearths surface, the rise in temperature will depend on the specific heat of the surface material
- Water has a specific heat of 1 (think of Specific gravity as similar equations i.e. AVGAS is 0.73, water is 1.0. Same with materials when it comes to quantifying specific heat. It is measured against water)
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