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ATPL - BGS [Mod 1] Meteorology > 20. Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures > Flashcards

20. Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures Flashcards

1
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

The pattern of global temperature moves North or South according to the suns ____ movement

A

SEASONAL

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2
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

In January, the ITZC is likely to sit over which countries;

[ ] Canada
[ ] Brazil
[ ] Australia
[ ] United Kingdom

A

[ ] Canada
[X] Brazil
[X] Australia
[ ] United Kingdom

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3
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Tropical surface winds will blow AWAY FROM or TOWARDS the ITCZ, which is why the ITCZ has such an influence on the weather

A

TOWARDS

  • Where the ITCZ is, is where the land is heating up the most
  • This is warming the air, making it less dense, expanding
  • The column of air is far taller, so the tropopause is much higher
  • The air pressure is less and so the gradient wind will blow towards it.

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4
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

In July, the ITZC is likely to sit over which countries;

[ ] Canada
[ ] Venuzula
[ ] United Kingdom
[ ] China

A

[ ] Canada
[X] Venuzula
[ ] United Kingdom
[X] China

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5
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

A hot area extending from the Sahara to the Tibetan Plateau and North China, but South America and South Africa are relatively cool is associated with what time of year, JANUARY or JULY

A

JULY
(summer)

  • Summer time
  • The ITCZ has moved northernly into the Northern Hemisphere

ITCZ - JANUARY
ITCZ JULY

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6
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Extreme cold conditions over Siberia and Northern Canada, whilst Australia and South America have temperatures on average of 30℃ is associated with what time of year, JANUARY or JULY

A

JANUARY
(winter)

  • winter time
  • ITCZ has moved Southernly into the Southern Hemisphere

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7
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

The surface temperature near the coast is influenced by;

[ ] Ocean Currents
[ ] Orographic lifting
[ ] Sea Breeze
[ ] Insolation

A

[X] Ocean Currents
[ ] Orographic lifting
[ ] Sea Breeze
[ ] Insolation

OCEAN CURRENTS

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8
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

The main warm ocean currents are;

[ ] Benguela
[ ] Peru or Humboldt
[ ] Gulf Stream
[ ] Kurashio
[ ] Canaries
[ ] Equatorial Counter Current
[ ] Labrador
[ ] Oyashi / Kamchatka
[ ] Brazil

A

[ ] Benguela
[ ] Peru or Humboldt
[X] Gulf Stream
[X] Kurashio
[ ] Canaries
[X] Equatorial Counter Current
[ ] Labrador
[ ] Oyashi / Kamchatka
[X] Brazil

OCEAN CURRENTS

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9
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

The main cold ocean currents are;

[ ] Benguela
[ ] Peru or Humboldt
[ ] Gulf Stream
[ ] Kurashio
[ ] Canaries
[ ] Equatorial Counter Current
[ ] Labrador
[ ] Oyashi / Kamchatka
[ ] Brazil

A

[X] Benguela
[X] Peru or Humboldt
[ ] Gulf Stream
[ ] Kurashio
[X] Canaries
[ ] Equatorial Counter Current
[X] Labrador
[X] Oyashi / Kamchatka
[ ] Brazil

OCEAN CURRENTS

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10
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Refer to the following diagram. Marry up the currents to the corresponding names;

[ ] Benguela
[ ] Peru or Humboldt
[ ] Gulf Stream
[ ] Kurashio
[ ] Falklands
[ ] Canaries
[ ] Equatorial Counter Current
[ ] Labrador
[ ] Oyashi / Kamchatka
[ ] Brazil
[ ] Northern California

A

[9] Benguela
[3] Peru or Humboldt
[6] Gulf Stream
[10] Kurashio
[4] Falklands
[8] Canaries
[2] Equatorial Counter Current (South California)
[7] Labrador
[11] Oyashi / Kamchatka
[5] Brazil
[1] Northern California

OCEAN CURRENTS

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11
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Apart from West Africa, the most notorious locations for sea based advection fog occur as a result of warm moist air passing over cold sea surfaces. In terms of sea currents, what is specific about cold and warm currents in areas of advection fog

A

CONVERGENCE / JUNCTION

  • The cold and warm currents are meeting
  • This is a “junction”
  • Warmer moist are over the warm current will meet with the colder surface of the cold current sea surface

ADVECTION FOG

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12
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

The most notorious locations for sea based advection fog occur as a result of warm moist air passing over cold sea surfaces, which is where the cold and warm currents converge (create junctions). This is all apart from advection fog associated with ____, which is as a result of warm moist are coming from the land as an offshore wind, and the cold surface being deep water associated with the ____ current

A
  1. WEST AFRICA
  2. CANARIES

  • The cold and warm currents are meeting
  • This is a “junction”
  • Warmer moist are over the warm current will meet with the colder surface of the cold current sea surface

ADVECTION FOG

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13
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

The “El Nino” event is associated with which ocean;

[ ] Indian
[ ] Pacific
[ ] Atlantic
[ ] Southern

A

[ ] Indian
[X] Pacific
[ ] Atlantic
[ ] Southern

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14
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

How often does the “El Nino” event occur; ____ to ____ years

A

3 to 7 YEARS

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15
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Every 3 to 7 years the El Nino event occurs. This will make COLD or WARM water sink below the surface, making warm water flow EASTERLY or WESTERLY, which makes the far east COOLER or WARMER than normal, which distorts the normal weather pattern. The changes in the currents happen at EASTER or CHRISTMAS, which gives rise to the name El Nino

A
  1. COLD
  2. WESTERLY
  3. COOLER
  4. CHRISTMAS

EL NINO

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16
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Which country is often referenced in ATPL exams associated with the ITCZ in July

A

DAKAR
(Senegal)

  • It sits right underneath the ITCZ associated with summer time

DAKAR

17
Q

Global Weather - Patterns and Temperatures

Which area does the ITCZ have a significant impact on in July

[ ] Western Africa, at a latitude of 25°N in July
[ ] Western Africa, where it is situated between the 10°N and 30 N parallels during the winter months
[ ] Western Africa between 10°N and 20°N and the northern coasts of the Arabian Sea in July
[ ] The Atlantic Ocean, between latitudes 10°N and 30°N, depending on the time of year

A

[ ] Western Africa, at a latitude of 25°N in July
[ ] Western Africa, where it is situated between the 10°N and 30 N parallels during the winter months
[X] Western Africa between 10°N and 20°N and the northern coasts of the Arabian Sea in July
[ ] The Atlantic Ocean, between latitudes 10°N and 30°N, depending on the time of year

  • Between the latitudes of 10° to 20°

ATPL - BGS [Mod 1] Meteorology (27 decks)

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