[24] FINALS | PRESCHOOLER Flashcards
3 - 5 Y/O
PRESCHOOL
____ physical growth, but substantial p____ and c____ growth
slow physical growth, but substantial personality and cognitive growth
b____ + p____ + c____ + s____ + s____ = preparation for school entrance
biologic + psychosocial + cognitive + spiritual + social achievements = preparation for school entrance
PHYSICAL PROPORTIONS
- Not p____
- s____, s____, and erect
- Agile and graceful
- Not potbellied
- Slender, sturdy, and erect
- Agile and graceful
PHYSICAL PROPORTIONS
3 YEARS OLD
- Ht. ave: ____ cm
- Usual ht. gain: ____ cm/year
- Wt. ave: ____ kg
- Usual wt. gain: ____ kg
3 YEARS OLD
- Ht. ave: 95 cm
- Usual ht. gain: 7.5 cm/year
- Wt. ave: 14.6 kg
- Usual wt. gain: 1.8 - 2.7 kg
PHYSICAL PROPORTIONS
4 YEARS OLD
- Height: ____ cm
- Weight: ____ kg
- Potential development of a____
- Slight ____ in PR & RR
4 YEARS OLD
- Height: 103 cm
- Weight: 16.5 kg
- Potential development of amblyopia
- Slight decrease in PR & RR
PHYSICAL PROPORTIONS
5 YEARS OLD
- Height: ____ cm
- Weight: ____ kg
- Slight ____ in PR & RR
- C____ are only starting to erupt
- Determination of h____
5 YEARS OLD
- Height: 110 cm
- Weight: 18.5 kg
- Slight decrease in PR & RR
- Central incisors are only starting to erupt
- Determination of handedness
FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
3 YEARS OLD
- makes tower of ____ cubes
- builds bridge with ____ cubes
- places small pellets inside narrow-necked bottle
- copies c____ and c____
- names drawing
3 YEARS OLD
- makes tower of 9-10 cubes
- builds bridge with 3 cubes
- places small pellets inside narrow-necked bottle
- copies circle and cross
- names drawing
FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
4 YEARS OLD
- cuts, following o____
- laces shoes, no b____ yet
- copies s____
- traces c____ and d____
- adds ____ parts to stick figure
4 YEARS OLD
- cuts, following outline
- laces shoes, no bow yet
- copies square
- traces cross and diamond
- adds 3 parts to stick figure
FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
5 YEARS OLD
- uses s____, simple tools or p____ very well
- ties shoelaces
- copies d____ and t____
- traces c____ and d____
- adds ____ parts to stick figure
- prints few letters, numbers or words
5 YEARS OLD
- uses scissors, simple tools or pencil very well
- ties shoelaces
- copies diamond and triangle
- traces cross and diamond
- adds 7-9 parts to stick figure
- prints few letters, numbers or words
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (ERIKSON)
INITIATIVE VS. GUILT
PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT (FREUD)
PHALLIC STAGE
- Major task: s____ development
- O____ & E____ complex
- exhibitionism
- m____
- “c____ fear/anxiety”
- “p____ envy
PHALLIC STAGE
- Major task: superego development
- Oedipus & Electra complex
- exhibitionism
- masturbation
- “castration fear/anxiety”
- “penis envy
MORAL DEVELOPMENT (KOHLBERG)
PRECONVENTIONAL LEVEL
- Stage 1: p____ & o____ orientation
- Stage 2: n____ orientation/ s____ orientation
PRECONVENTIONAL LEVEL
- Stage 1: punishment & obedience orientation
- Stage 2: naïve instrumental orientation/ self-interest orientation
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT (PIAGET)
- continuous dev’t of l____
- learn through p____
- magical thinking/ ”a____”
- continuous dev’t of language
- learn through play
- magical thinking/ ”animism”
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT (PIAGET)
PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
PRECONCEPTUAL (2-4 Y.O.)
- e____
- with beginning understanding of t____
- with improved concept of s____
PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
PRECONCEPTUAL (2-4 Y.O.)
- egocentric
- with beginning understanding of time
- with improved concept of space
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT (PIAGET)
PRECONCEPTUAL (2-4 Y.O.)
COGNITION IN REALTION TO FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
- pleases parents and conforms to e____
- ____ jealous of younger siblings
- Aware of family relationships and s____
- Separates ____ from parents
PRECONCEPTUAL (2-4 Y.O.)
COGNITION IN REALTION TO FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
- pleases parents and conforms to expectations
- Less jealous of younger siblings
- Aware of family relationships and sex-role functions
- Separates easily and comfortably from parents
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT (PIAGET)
PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
INTUITIVE THOUGHT (4-7 Y.O.)
- c____ related to proximity of events
- s____ starting and improving
- less e____
PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
INTUITIVE THOUGHT (4-7 Y.O.)
- causality related to proximity of events
- conservation starting and improving
- less egocentrism
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT (PIAGET)
INTUITIVE THOUGHT (4-7 Y.O.)
COGNITION IN REALTION TO FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
- R____ (4 y.o.)
- Gets along well with p____ (5 y.o.)
- Follows simple errands
- D____ important
- Questions parents’ t____ and p____
- (+) sports, cooking, shopping
INTUITIVE THOUGHT (4-7 Y.O.)
COGNITION IN REALTION TO FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
- Rebellious (4 y.o.)
- Gets along well with parents (5 y.o.)
- Follows simple errands
- Dos and donts important
- Questions parents’ thinking and principles
- (+) sports, cooking, shopping
SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT
- have a ____ concept of a God with physical characteristics who is often like an i____.
- have a concrete concept of a God with physical characteristics who is often like an imaginary friend.
DEVELOPMENT OF BODY IMAGE
- recognize differences in s____ and that individuals have u____ and d____ appearances.
- I____ experiences are frightening.
- recognize differences in skin color and that individuals have undesirable and desirable appearances.
- Intrusive experiences are frightening.
DEVELOPMENT OF SEXUALITY
- forms strong attachment with parent of ____
- identifies with ____ parent
- s____ imitation
- fear of m____
- exploration and manipulation of g____
- asks about s____ reproduction
- forms strong attachment with parent of opposite sex
- identifies with same-sex parent
- sex-role imitation
- fear of mutilation
- exploration and manipulation of genitals
- asks about sexual reproduction
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
LANGUAGE
- > ____ words
- Form sentences of ____ or more words
LANGUAGE
- > 2100 words
- Form sentences of 5 or more words
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PERSONAL-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR - 3 Y.O.
- Greater i____
- Increased a____
- P____ and a____ play
PERSONAL-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR - 3 Y.O.
- Greater independence
- Increased attention span
- Parallel and associative play
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PERSONAL-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR - 4 Y.O.
- Very i____
- selfish, impatient, aggressive, show-off
- Tells ____
- with i____ playmates
- (+) a____
PERSONAL-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR - 4 Y.O.
- Very independent
- selfish, impatient, aggressive, show-off
- Tells tales
- with imaginary playmates
- (+) associative play
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PERSONAL-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR - 5 Y.O.
- less r____ and q____
- more responsible
- follows rules
- with better manners
- (+) a____
PERSONAL-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR - 5 Y.O.
- less rebellious and quarrelsome
- more responsible
- follows rules
- with better manners
- (+) associative play
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PLAY
- I____ play
- D____ play
PLAY
- Imaginative play
- Dramatic play
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- the typical way a child reacts to situations
- influences children’s social development and interaction
TEMPERAMENT
CONCERNS R/T NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Child’s readiness for preschool or kindergarten influenced by:
- s____ (attention span)
- child’s d____ and h____
- ability & desire to l____
- l____
- p____ support
Child’s readiness for preschool or kindergarten influenced by:
- social maturation (attention span)
- child’s development and health status
- ability & desire to learn
- life experiences
- parental support
CONCERNS R/T NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Sex education
rules governing answering sensitive questions:
- Find out what children ____.
- Be ____ in giving information.
Sex education
rules governing answering sensitive questions:
- Find out what children know and think.
- Be honest in giving information.
CONCERNS R/T NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
- G____
- Aggression
–increased by f____, m____, r____
–“normal” vs. problematic behavior” - S____
- Giftedness
- Aggression
–increased by frustration, modeling, reinforcement
–“normal” vs. problematic behavior” - Speech problems
CONCERNS R/T NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
-
Stress
–minimum vs. excessive stress
–identifying s____ of stress -
Fears
–real and imagined fears
–d____
-
Stress
–minimum vs. excessive stress
–identifying source of stress -
Fears
–real and imagined fears
–desensitization
PRE-SCHOOLER’S GREATEST FEARS
- Fear of S____
- Fear of C____
- Fear of the D____
- Fear of Separation/Abandonment
- Fear of Castration/Mutilation
- Fear of the Dark
