24. Arrhythmias Flashcards
What is the tx for V-fib?
defibrillate, epi, repeat
What are the ECG findings in A-fib?
no P waves, undulating baseline, irregular QRS waves, IRREGULARLY IRREGULAR
How is V-tach treated?
lidocaine, amiodarone, cardioversion
How is 3rd degree AV block treated?
a pacing wire or permanent pacemaker if rate and BP are low
There will be a _____ in first degree AV block on the ECG.
prolonged PR interval always followed by a QRS
What is atrial flutter?
P waves at a rate of 240-320/minute- SAWTOOTH pattern- has a QRS conduction that is irregular
What does V-tach look like on the ECG?
regular, wide complexes 100-200 BPM and no P waves
What does PVC stand for?
premature ventricular contraction
What is Mobitz 2?
a 2nd degree AV block- just below the AV node
What is A-tach?
rapid heart rate 150+, abnormal or biphasic P waves, narrow QRS complexes
What is 3rd degree AV block?
complete heart block- P waves are faster than the QRS rate and there is really no connection between the two
A prolonged PR interval is longer than ____.
0.2 sec or 1 box wide
What does an APB look like?
a premature beat preceded by an abnormal P wave but has a normal QRS
What causes Mobitz 1 (Wenckebach)?
an increase of vagal tone
What is junctional rhythm?
regular with narrow QRSs and no P waves
Where is conduction occurring in 3rd degree AV block?
at the SA node AND somewhere below the AV node/bundle of His separately
How does Mobitz 1 (Wenckebach) look on the ECG?
progressive lengthening of the PR interval followed by a nonconducting P wave
What causes 1st degree AV blocks?
drugs (beta-blockers, verapamil, Ca++ blockers, digitalis, and conduction system disease (elderly folk)
What does a ventricular premature contraction (PVC) look like on the ECG?
it’s a very wide, abnormal looking QRS that didn’t follow a P wave, then normal rhythm resumes
There will be a prolonged PR interval always followed by a QRS in _____ on the ECG.
first degree AV block
Why is A-flutter treated?
bc these pts are at increased risk of emboli and stroke
What does APB stand for?
atrial premature beat
What does V-fib look like on the ECG?
no consistent QRSs or conduction- all over the place
What causes 3rd degree heart block?
anterior MIs, sometimes inferior, conduction system diseases (sarcoidosis)
What is 2nd degree AV block?
some P waves conduct QRS’s but others do not- missed connection
How is A-tach treated?
adenosine vagal maneuvers beta blockers verapamil or dilitiazem
