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CVPR Exam I > 23. Diagnostic Features of the ECG > Flashcards

23. Diagnostic Features of the ECG Flashcards

1
Q

____ is a lateral lead.

A

aVL

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1
Q

Hypokalemia causes ____ on the ECG.

A

a small, flat T wave that merges with a U wave

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2
Q

Right chest leads?

A

V1 and V2

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2
Q

Normally the QRS and T waves go in ____ direction.

A

the same

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2
Q

Normally in V1 and V2, the R wave is ____.

A

nearly absent

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2
Q

_______ causes a small, flat T wave that merges with a U wave on the ECG.

A

Hypokalemia

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4
Q

The light lines on the ECG paper = ____ sec.

A

0.04

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5
Q

How long is a normal QRS interval?

A

0.06-0.10 sec

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6
Q

Which are the bipolar leads?

A

limb leads I, II and III

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6
Q

A subendocardial infarct only involves the inner layer of the heart wall and causes ____ on the ECG.

A

persistent, flat ST depression

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7
Q

How long is a normal P wave?

A

0.08-0.10 sec

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8
Q

Ischemia due to _____ causes depression of the ST segment.

A

sudden high O2 demand in the presence of coronary obstruction

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9
Q

If LVH, there should be ____ on the ECG.

A

large, positive R waves in V5 and V6

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9
Q

ST elevation is a sign of transmural injury in _____.

A

an acute coronary syndrome or acute MI

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10
Q

What is the length to call a QT interval prolonged?

A

more than half of the RR interval

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11
Q

Hypokalemia predisposes to ____.

A

arrhythmia

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15
Q

How long is a normal P-R interval?

A

0.12-0.20 sec

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16
Q

Lateral leads?

A

I and aVL

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17
Q

What is the normal K+ concentration in the blood?

A

about 5 mmol

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19
Q

How long is a normal QT interval?

A

less than 0.44 sec

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20
Q

Which are the standard limb leads?

A

I, II, and III

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20
Q

____ is characteristic of demand induced ischemia.

A

ST depression

22
Q

How is HR calculated on the ECG?

A

300 / # of heavy lines btw 2 QRSs

23
Q

___ is an inferior lead.

24
The dark lines on the ECG paper = ____ sec.
0.2
24
What is a peaked T wave (hyperacute T wave)?
the very first, early sign of an MI
25
Inferior leads?
II, III, and aVF
25
Ischemia due to ______ causes T wave inversion.
acute coronary artery obstruction during low O2 demand
26
Left chest leads?
V5 and V6
27
\_\_\_\_\_\_ causes a shortened QT on the ECG.
Hypercalcemia
28
What causes prolonged QT?
1. hypo- Ca++, K+, or Mg++ 2. class 1A, 1C, or III anti-arrhythmic drugs 3. hypothermia 4. congenital long QT syndrome
29
Why is prolonged QT bad?
it makes you more susceptible to arrhythmias
31
Ischemia due to sudden high O2 demand in the presence of coronary obstruction causes \_\_\_\_\_.
depression of the ST segment
32
If RVH, there should be ____ on the ECG.
large, positive R waves in V1 and V2
33
Ischemia due to acute coronary artery obstruction during low O2 demand causes \_\_\_\_.
T wave inversion
35
The heart is more at risk for a _____ infarct.
subendocardial
36
\_\_\_\_ is characteristic of acute coronary obstruction.
An inverted T wave
37
Hypercalcemia causes ____ on the ECG.
a shortened QT
39
In ventricular hypertrophy, the T wave is \_\_\_\_.
inverted (opposite the R wave)
40
Which are the unipolar leads?
aVR, aVL, aVF, V1-V6
41
A significant Q wave is how big?
25% or more the height of the R wave AND greater than one small box (0.04 sec) wide
42
The ____ is a is a measure of the AV node conduction time.
PR interval
43
\_\_\_\_\_ causes a prolonged QT interval on the ECG.
Hypocalcemia
44
Infarcted myocardium produces a _____ in leads over the affected area.
negative deflection Q wave
45
Hypocalcemia causes ____ on the ECG.
a prolonged QT interval
46
What is the treatment for long QT?
magnesium
47
The PR interval is a measure of the \_\_\_\_\_.
AV node conduction time
48
aVF is an ____ lead.
inferior
49
aVL is a ____ lead.
lateral
50
Serious hyperkalemia causes _____ on the ECG.
no P or R waves
51
Mild hyperkalemia causes ____ on the ECG.
a large, peaked T wave
52
Which are the augmented limb leads?
aVR, aVL, aVF
53
\_\_\_\_ is a sign of transmural injury in an acute coronary syndrome or acute MI.
ST elevation

CVPR Exam I (29 decks)

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