2.3 Nucleic Acids

Question 1

What are purines?

Answer 1

Doubled ringed structures

Adenine and Guanine

Question 2

What are pyrimidines?

Answer 2

Single ringed structures

Thymine and Cytosine

Question 3

What is the semi conservative model?

Answer 3

Two double helix structures are created each containing a parent and daughter strand

Question 4

What is the type of bond between a nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar?

Answer 4

Glycosidic

Question 5

What is the type of bond between a phosphate and a pentose sugar?

Answer 5

Phosphodiester

Question 6

What enzymes are used during DNA replication?

Answer 6

Gyrase
Helicase 
Primase 
DNA Polymerase 
DNA Ligase

Question 7

What is the job of Gyrase?

Answer 7

Unwinds DNA

Question 8

What is the job of Helicase?

Answer 8

Unzips Helix by breaking the weak hydrogen bonds

Question 9

What is the job of Primase?

Answer 9

Signals where the nucleotides should be added

Question 10

What is the job of DNA Polymerase?

Answer 10

Adds the nucleotides

Question 11

What is the job of DNA Ligase?

Answer 11

Sticks the lagging strands Okazaki fragments

Question 12

What is meant by anti-parallel?

Answer 12

One side is flipped from the other (5 prime to 3 prime and vice versa)

Question 13

What way is the leading strand?

Answer 13

5 prime to 3 prime

Question 14

What are Okazaki fragments?

Answer 14

Primase have to wait on lagging strand as can only travel in a 5 to 3 direction