23-3 and 23-4

Question 1

Eleanor Roosevelt

Answer 1

FDR’s Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She was his “eyes and ears” as she travelled across the nation.

Question 2

Mary McLeod Bethune

Answer 2

Educator, friend of Eleanor Roosevelt, and the top ranking African American in the government. She was part of FDR’s “Black Cabinet.”

Question 3

migrant worker

Answer 3

A person who moves from place to place to find work harvesting fruits and vegetables.

Question 4

Dust Bowl

Answer 4

A drought in the 1930s that turned the Great Planes very dry.

Question 6

Black Blizzards

Answer 6

Great dust storms that swept across the plains, blotting out the sun and suffocating livestock as well as people.

Question 7

Okies

Answer 7

Displaced farm families from the Oklahoma dust bowl who migrated to California during the 1930s in search of jobs.

Question 8

payroll tax

Answer 8

Tax on wages and salaries to finance Social Security and other government programs.

Question 9

Francis Perkins

Answer 9

Roosevelt’s Secretary of Labor and first woman cabinet member in U.S. history.

Question 10

deficit spending

Answer 10

Government practice of spending more than it takes in from taxes. This practice adds to the national debt.

Question 11

Social Security Act of 1935

Answer 11

Provided old-age pension (retirement), and a program of unemployment insurance (temporary aid to help people who lose jobs to find a new job), and federal welfare program (aid for very poor). One of the most famous and important legacies of New Deal.

Question 12

Wagner Act

Answer 12

Guaranteed the right of unions to organize and to collectively bargain with management.

Question 13

Fair Standards Labor Act

Answer 13

Labor law that creates the right to a minimum wage, and “time-and-a-half” overtime pay when people work over forty hours a week. It also prohibits employment of minors in “oppressive child labor”.