19-2 Review Flashcards
Theodore Roosevelt
He became the President in 1901 when President McKinley was assassinated. He was the former Governor of NY and hero from the Spanish-American War. He believed bad trusts needed to be destroyed because they took advantage of workers and got rid of competition. He was a conservationist who wanted the nation to put land aside for future generations(national parks) and to make sure resources were used wisely so future generations would have them also.
trustbuster
A person working to destroy monopolies and trusts that took advantage of workers and cheated the public by getting rid of competition.
conservation
Protecting and preserving natural resources and the environment.
national park
A natural area protected and managed by the federal government.
William Howard Taft
Chosen by President Roosevelt to become president after he decided to not run for office in 1908. President Taft was a trustbuster, but didn’t do everything exactly like President Roosevelt. That caused the two to run against each other and Woodrow Wilson in 1912.
Woodrow Wilson
Democrat who won the Election of 1912, a trustbuster and was in office when the Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act and Federal Reserve Acts were created. He was also in office when women gained the right to vote in 1920 with the 19th Amendment.
Pennsylvania Coal Strike of 1902
The workers/union wanted higher wages and shorter work hours. The coal owners wouldn’t negotiate so the workers/union went on strike. The nation was running low on coal so President Roosevelt invited the union and owners to the White House to take. When the owners would not negotiate, President Roosevelt threatened to send in the army to run the mines. This made the owners give the workers higher wages and shorter working hours. This was the first time that the government/president sided with workers/unions instead of the businesses.
U.S. Forest Service
This organization was created by President Roosevelt in 1905. The federal government regulated the natural environment, managed public lands and set up national parks/forests.
Meat Inspection Act of 1906
Created after Upton Sinclair’s book, The Jungle, was released. This allowed the government to inspect meatpacking industries to make sure meat was healthy for the public to eat.
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
This act prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs.
Muckrakers
Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public.. Upton Sinclair and Jacob Riis were just a few of these journalists. President Roosevelt gave this name to these crusading journalists.
Progressive or Bull Moose Party
In the 1912 election, Theodore Roosevelt was unable to secure the Republican nomination for president. He left the Republican Party and formed his own party of progressive Republicans and called it the “Bull Moose” Party. Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican vote, which allowed Democrat Woodrow Wilson to win.
Federal Trade Commission
A federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices that destroy competition.
Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
1914 law that strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act. It prevented price-fixing and monopolies. Labor unions, strikes and boycotts were now legal in the nation.
Federal Reserve Act of 1913
A 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply.
