226- prostate CA

Question 1

what are the three main risk factors for prostate CA

Answer 1

age, race (AA), FHx

Question 2

What are the three standard management strategies for local CA? For advanced CA? For Castrate-resistant CA?

Answer 2

active surveillance, radiotherapy, radical prostatectomy

Androgen deprivation therapy (LH antagonists, castration)

Chemotherapy (docetaxel, cabazitaxel), immunotherapy (sipuleucel-T), alpha-emitting particles (radium-223)

Question 3

how does PSA increase in regular folks? in prostate CA?

Answer 3

by .1/yr (1.2->1.3)

exponentially (1.2->1.6)

Question 4

what stains can you see prostate CA on?

Answer 4

AMACR stains positive and basal stains negative

Question 5

tumor staging

Answer 5

t1: non-palpable, t2: palpable but confined to prostate, t3: expanding outside of prostate, t4: expanding into surrounding structures

Question 6

who gets active surveillance

Answer 6

older men with Gleason of 6 or less. Get psa every 6 months and biopsy every year

Question 7

who gets radiotherapy

Answer 7

older men who aren’t candidates for surgery (comorbid conditions or already expanded beyond prostate)

Question 8

who gets prostatectomy

Answer 8

younger patients with highly confined CA