202-203- Perineal anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundary points of the perineum

A

pubic symphysis (ant), ischial tuberosities/obturator internus muscle (laterally), coccyx (post), pelvic diaphragm (superiorly)

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2
Q

What are the subdivisions of the perineum?

A
Urogenital triangle (urethra and vag pass thru)
Anal triangle (anus passes thru)
Perineal body is right in between.
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3
Q

urogenital diaphragm is composed of___

A

two fascia (superior and inferior (or perineal membrane))

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4
Q

what two mm. are w/in the UG diaphragm? what else does it contain?

A

external urethral sphincter , deep transverse perineal muscle. In males, bulbourethral gland is w/in it.

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5
Q

what forms the deep pouch

A

its in between the two layers of the UG diaphragm

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6
Q

Superficial pouch: what is it in males and females? what encloses it? Where can fluids in it go? what does the pouch contain

A

scrotum and labia majora. Colles’ fascia. Blood or urine can only pass upward into body wall. Contains everything superficial to UG diaphragm (penis, clit, ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus mm., etc)

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7
Q

what is cut in midline episiotomy? mediolateral?

A

Midline: central tendon of perineum and wall of vagina.
Mediolateral: UG diaphragm, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal muscle, and wall f vagina

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8
Q

What rami form the pudendal nerve? what are the three branches?

A

Ventral rami of S2,3,4. Somatic innervation of both diaphragms, genitals, ext anal sphinc, skin of perineum. Inferior rectal, perineal, dorsal nerve of penis or clitoris.

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9
Q

difference b/w pudendal nerve block and sacral epidural

A

pudendal: anesthetizes UG and pelvic diaphragms. Epidural: also does cervix

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10
Q

where do blood vessels to pelvic viscera come from?

A

internal iliac except: upper rectum (inf mesenteric), gonads (test/ovarian arteries from aorta)

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11
Q

name all erectile tissues of penis and mm. surrounding them

A

left and right crus, bulb, L&R corpus cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, glans.

Ischio-cavernosus around each crus facilitates erection. Bulbospongiosus around bulb expels last drops of urine and contracts during ejaculation

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12
Q

mesosalpinx vs mesovarium vs mesometrium

A

upper part of broad ligament, post extension of broad ligament, broad ligament

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13
Q

Where does ovarian artery travel?

A

through suspensory ligament of the ovary

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