22: Subjunctive Mood Verbs

Question 1

ἀμήν

Answer 1

truly (amen)

Question 2

ἄν

Answer 2

(not usually translated; indefinite particle) “ever”

Question 3

ἐάν

Answer 3

if, if ever (combination of εἰ and ἄν)

Question 4

ἐὰν μή

Answer 4

unless; if not

Question 5

ἕως

Answer 5

until; while (adverb); as prep. + gen. to, until

Question 6

ἵνα

Answer 6

in order that; that

Question 7

ὅπου

Answer 7

where

Question 8

ὅπου ἄν or ὅπου ἐάν

Answer 8

wherever, whenever

Question 9

ὅπως

Answer 9

in order that; that

Question 10

ὅταν

Answer 10

when, whenever (from ὅτε + ἅν)

Question 11

ὅτε

Answer 11

when

Question 12

οὕτως

Answer 12

so, thus, in this way (adverb from οὗτος + ὡς)

Question 13

ὡς

Answer 13

as; like (with numbers: “about”, “approximately”)

Question 14

πῶς

Answer 14

how?

Question 15

τέρας, τέρατος, τό

Answer 15

wonder, miracle

Question 16

Recite Present Active Subjunctive

Answer 16

Question 17

Recite Present Middle/Passive and Deponent Subjunctive

Answer 17

Question 18

Recite Aorist Active Subjunctive

Answer 18

Question 19

Recite First Aorist Middle/Deponent Subjunctive

Answer 19

Question 20

Recite First Aorist Passive/Deponent Subjunctive

Answer 20

Question 21

What are the irregular verb patterns we have seen until now?

Answer 21

1. Contract Verbs
2. Second Aorists
3. Liquid Verbs

Question 22

Recite Subjunctive forms of ἐιμί

Answer 22

Question 23

What does the subjunctive mood express?

Answer 23

An indefinite event whose agent, object, time, condition being met, etc. is not expressed or left open.

Question 24

What are the 4 most important uses of the subjunctive mood and their helping clauses?

Answer 24

1. Purpose or Result Clauses (ἵνα, ὅπως)
2. Future Condition (ἐάν, έάν μή)
3. Indefinite Temporal Clause (ὅταν)
4. Emphatic Negation (οὐ μή)

Question 25

Use of Purpose or Result Clauses (ἵνα, ὅπως)

Answer 25

Expresses the purpose (intended result) or, less often, the actual result of the main clause. (ex. ἴνα μαρτυρήσῃ, "in order that he might testify")

Question 26

Use of Future Condition (ἐάν, έάν μή)

Answer 26

When the writer does not want to specify who will meet the condition or whether it will be met. (ex. _ἐάν_ τις τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον _τηρήσῃ_, "If anyone keeps my word")

Question 27

Use of Indefinite Temporal Clause (ὅταν)

Answer 27

To make a statement similar to a conditional clause, yet with an indefinite time element. (ex. _ὅταν_ γάρ _ἀσθενῶ_, "For whenever I am weak")

Question 28

Use of Emphatic Negation (οὐ μή)

Answer 28

Following οὐ μή, the subjunctive strongly denies that a future action or state will occur. (ex. οὐ μή θεωρήσῃ, "he will never see")