21st Lit 2

Question 1

Our forefathers already had their literature, which reflected in their customs and
traditions. They had their alphabet even before their colonization.

Answer 1

THE PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

Question 2

are old stories in the oral tradition that’s been told again and again, often for
generations, or tales that people tell each other out loud, rather than stories in
written form.

Answer 2

FOLKTALES

Question 3

are a form of prose the common theme of which is about the origin of a thing,
place, location or name.

Answer 3

Legends

Question 4

a traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event,
with or without a determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation, especially
one that is concerned with deities or demigods and explains some practice, rite,
or phenomenon of nature.

Answer 4

Myths

Question 5

are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events,
usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.

Answer 5

Epics

Question 6

a traditional song from a particular region. It is a piece of music that was composed within the parameters of folk music. These songs are usually about a particular group of people, an event, or an experience.

Answer 6

Folk songs

Question 7

are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the
Pre-Spanish period.

Answer 7

Folk Songs

Question 8

usually known by many people, stating something commonly
experienced or giving advice:

Answer 8

Short Sentence

Question 9

is a short sentence that people often quote, which gives advice or
tells you something about life.

Answer 9

Proverb

Question 10

deliberately enigmatic or ambiguous question requiring a thoughtful and often witty answer.
- is a form of guessing game that has been a part of the folklore of most cultures from ancient times. A question that has a surprising or amusing answer, or something that is a mystery or is hard to explain.

Answer 10

Riddles

Question 11

is a widely used saying or expression containing a figurative meaning that
differs from the phrase’s literal meaning.

Answer 11

idioms

Question 12

Ferdinand Magellan stumbled upon the Philippine islands,
making the first connections to the early Filipinos.

Answer 12

1521

Question 13

the total invasion of
the Spaniards began.

Answer 13

1565

Question 14

The literature in this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry
and secular prose and poetry.

Answer 14

Spanish Era

Question 15

Also, in the spanish era the teaching of ____________ became the basis of religious
practices.

Answer 15

the Christian Doctrine

Question 16

The usual characteristics and themes of the literature of the spanish era pertain to

Answer 16

religion and
Spanish culture and tradition.

Question 17

The very first literature that was published in the islands was

Answer 17

Doctrina
Christiana by Juan de Plasencia.

Question 18

It is a theatrical tradition by Filipinos sometimes in the form of singing. It
describes conflicts between Christians and Muslims. It was used by the
SPANISH to promote Christianity in PH.
- It is also known as MORO-MORO

Answer 18

Komedya

Question 19

form of Spanish or Spanish-derived musical theater in which the dramatic action is carried through an alternating combination of song and speech. It is also considered the father of the drama; it is a musical comedy or melodrama three acts which dealt with man’s passions and emotions like love, hate, revenge, cruelty, avarice or some social or political problem.

Answer 19

Zarzuela or Sarswela

Question 20

is a narrative poem about the life of Jesus Christ, beginning from his birth and up to his death. This is usually sung during the Lenten season. Many women were trained before to perform this. Nowadays, it is sung by seasoned performers in churches nationwide.

Answer 20

Pasyon

Question 21

is a chivalric poem about a hero, usually about a saint. It is also usually
sung and used in religious processions.

Answer 21

Awit

Question 22

is a legendary religious narrative form that usually details the lives of
saints or the history of a tradition.

Answer 22

Corrido

Question 23

PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1972-1898)

Answer 23

● NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO by Jose Rizal
● Ang Amain Namin by Marcelo H. Del Pilar
● La Solidaridad by Graciano Lopez Jeana

Question 24

Ang Amain Namin by

Answer 24

Marcelo H. Del Pilar

Question 25

La Solidaridad by

Answer 25

Graciano Lopeez Jeana

Question 26

Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period.

Answer 26

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (1941-1945)

Question 27

Philippine literature in Tagalog was revived
during this period.

Answer 27

In the mnew Philippines Literature ((PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (1941-1945))

Question 28

● Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under the Japanese government, and the brave guerilla exploits.

Answer 28

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (1941-1945)

Question 29

The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes of
the new generation.

Answer 29

21st CENTURY PERIOD

Question 30

21st CENTURY PERIOD Characteristics:

Answer 30

● It utilizes Technological literacy
● It involves themes like Modernism, Individualism, Social Awareness, and
Experimentation.
● Does not usually confine in the traditional ways of literature.

Question 31

The name “Pampanga” comes from the word

Answer 31

“pangpang” meaning riverbank.

Question 32

● Literature flourished in this province during its early years through the
Spanish-speaking elites and the native-speaking friars.

Answer 32

Pampanga

Question 33

Oral literature such as Riddles, sayings, folksongs, children’s rhymes, legends and folktales reflected the

Answer 33

flora, fauna and the geographic features of the
province.

Question 34

KAPAMPANGAN MYTHOLOGICAL CREATURES

Answer 34

1. Manglilili
2. Maglalage
3. Mangkukusinu
4. Patianak

Question 35

An invisible entity who caused disorientation in solitary travelers, making them lose their way in deep forests and mountains.

Answer 35

Manglilili

Question 36

the generic term for ghosts, or spirits of the dead stranded on earth because of an unfinished business.

Answer 36

Maglalage

Question 37

The Kapampangan version of the mangkukulam, only much more evil.

Answer 37

Mangkukusinu

Question 38

babies who died before receiving baptism rites.

Answer 38

Patianak

Question 39

KAPAMPANGAN LEGEND

Answer 39

APOLAKI VERSUS MAYARI

Question 40

ruled the Earth every morning,

Answer 40

APOLAKI

Question 41

ruled the world every night,
however, the light during night is dimmer because she lost eye.

Answer 41

Mayari

Question 42

THE AUTHORS of APOLAKI VERSUS MAYARI

Answer 42

Diosdado Macapagal
Aurelio Tolentino
Juan Crisostomo Soto

Question 43

● the ninth President of the Philippines (December 30, 1961 – December 30,
1965)
● native of Lubao, Pampanga.
● Ang Gripu

Answer 43

Diosdado Macapagal

Question 44

● A Filipino playwright, poet and journalist. (from Guagua, Pampanga)
● He was arrested twice, first by the Spaniards and later by American forces.
● He wrote and directed the anti-imperialist play Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas.

Answer 44

Aurelio Tolentino

Question 45

● Journalist, poet, playwright
● Father of Kapampangan Literature
● From Santa Ines, Bacolor, Pampanga.
● He wrote no less than fifty plays and zarzuelas. The poetic joust crissotan was
coined from his pseudonym Crissot.
● He became a Katipunero and worked with Maximo Hizon in propagating the
ideals of the society in Pampanga.
● He was a contributor to the revolutionary paper La Independencia.

Answer 45

Juan Crisostomo Soto