21st Lit 1 Flashcards
literature is derived from the
Latin word
Littera = a letter of the alphabet”
broadly known as any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically
considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction drama, and poetry.
Literature
Literature can be…
Oral = Spoken, Written = Literary text
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
LITERATURE
It should be written with substance.
It should be aesthetic.
It possesses technicality
It should have a style
It has its relevance and meaning
THE FORMS OF
LITERATURE
Prose
Poetry
Drama
most common form of writing. It is not restricted by rhythm or dialogue, and it most
closely resembles everyday speech.
It is usually straightforward, and may utilize figurative language, dialogue, characters, and
imagery.
Prose
THE FORMS OF PROSE
- Fiction
- Nonfiction
is a narrative writing that
originates from the author’s
imagination.
Fiction
A fiction may be…
Commercial, literary
A writing that is based
on true events, people,
places, and facts. It is
designed to inform,
and sometimes to
entertain.
Nonfiction
is the most intense form of writing. It allows a writer to express his or her deepest
emotions and thoughts in a very personal way.
It relies heavily on figurative language, rhythm,
and imagery to relay its message to readers.
Poetry
THE FORMS OF
POETRY
Narrative
Dramatic
Lyric Poetry
This poetry tells a story and has the elements of a narrative such as characters, setting, conflict, etc.
Narrative
also known as dramatic verse or verse drama, is a written work that both tells story and connects the reader to an audience
through emotions or behavior.
Dramatic
refers to a short poem, often with songlike qualities, that expresses the speaker’s personal emotions and feelings.
Lyric Poetry
- is a literary work written to be performed in front of an audience. It contains dialogue, and actors impersonate the characters.
- It is usually divided into acts or scenes, and relies on props or imaginative dialogue to create a visual experience for the audience.
Drama
CATEGORIES of drama
COMEDY
TRAGEDY
HISTORICAL
MELODRAMA
MUSICAL
. Stories that are written within paragraphs
Written in complete chapters
Has a narrator
Could have a dialogue
Prose
. Stories that are written in a verse
Has a narrator
. Stanza
. Verse-number of lines in each stanzas
. May or may not rhyme
Poetry
Stories that are written within a script
Scene
Cast of character
Stage directors
props
Drama
THE RELEVANCE OF
LITERATURE
It sparks empathy and
understanding.
It lets us learn about past lives.
It provides Escapism and possibilities.
It impacts education.
It impacts the Society.
- The people who act and are acted upon in a literary work.
- are the doers of the actions.
- Most often take human form but, on occasion, a story can employ animals, fantastical creatures, and even inanimate objects
Characters
Forms of characters
Protagonist
Antagonist
Deuteragonist
Confidant
Foil Character
- is the story’s main character.
- the story’s plot centers around this character and they are usually sympathetic and likable for the reader, that is, they are most often the ‘hero’ of the story.
Protagonist
is the bad guy or girl of the piece. Most of the action of the plot is borne of the conflict between the protagonist and the antagonist.
Antagonist
this is the character who’s not exactly in the spotlight, but pretty close to it.
Deuteragonist
are often best friends, but they may also be a potential love interest or even a mentor.
Confidant
is someone whose personality and values fundamentally clash with the protagonist’s.
Foil character
TYPES OF CHARACTERS ACCORDING TO DEVELOPMENT
DYNAMIC/CHANGING
CHARACTER
STATIC/UNCHANGING CHARACTER
consists of two key elements: space and time. It answers the where wers and when in the story.
Setting
______ of the story serves as the focus and driving force of most of the story’s action. Essentially, this consists of a central (and sometimes
Conflict
types o f conflict
- Man vs. Man
- Man vs. Nature
- Man vs. Society
- Man vs. Technology
- Man vs. Himself
refers to all of the related things that happen in sequence in a story. The shape of the _____ comes from the order of these events and consists of several distinct aspects that we’ll look at in turn.
Plot
this in literature refers to the perspective through which you experience the events of the story.
Point of view
Forms of Point of view
- First Person
- Third person
the key to recognizing this point of view lies in the use of pronouns such as I, me, my, we, us, our, etc.
First person
, the narrator is describing what’s seen, but as a spectator. If the narrator is a character in the story, then we are reading what he or she observes as the story unfolds.
Third person
this type of narrator sees all, much as an all knowing god of some kind. He or she sees what each character is doing and can see into each character’s mind.
Example: He thought the witness was honest, but she didn’t think the same of him
Omniscient
- are the big ideas that are explored in a work of literature.
- is the deeper meaning behind the events of the story.
Theme
Here are some examples of thematic concepts commonly found in literature
- Love
- Revenge
- Justice
- Betrayal
- Jealousy
- Forgiveness
